Enter your name and email address below and I'll send you periodic updates about the podcast. Just click an image to sign up. We are Pioneers Dr. Heggerty was ahead of his time, developing this curriculum before the research caught up with him. Orton died in 1948 and Gillingham in 1963, so this has been around for a long time. They have blends on single cards, and they have digraphs on single cards. After receiving special training and spending many years working with dyslexic adults, she was hired at a for-profit clinic for dyslexic children. extensive peer-reviewed research, the principles from the Orton-Gillingham method have been adapted into several research-supported reading curricula including Read Well. The instruction, The Five Major Components of Evidence-Based Reading Instruction, The National Reading Panel (2000) has identified five essential components of reading instruction outlined as evidence-based strategies in the, National Early Literacy Panel Report of 2008, Instructional support for students with dyslexia, Recognizing that words are comprised of individual sounds that can be blended together for reading and pulled apart or segmented for spelling is what the National Reading Panel refers to as, Understanding that individual sounds are represented by letters or groups of letters and the ability to use those sounds to decode words is what the National Reading Panel refers to as. This was something that was really confusing to me for a long time. When my principal asked our staff to reflect on one practice that has made a difference, I told her it was my working for 30 minutes each day in small groups using the Barton System and the data proves the impact it has on spelling. In fact. Yes. Students learn the elements or building blocks of more complex skills, such as how to divide a two or three syllable word to facilitate reading, or how to recognize prefixes and suffixes in multi-syllable words, before they are expected to read those words in content areas. Its generally meant for being used in a one-on-one setting, but now its becoming more mainstream as were understanding that structured literacy is appropriate for all learners. and Its a little more tricky when youre working with a larger group., This is false. I love reading your blog and following your journey! Now, do they need to memorize that this is a nasal sound? For example, when a student is shown the letter card b, the student says the letter b, then the keyword balloon, then the sound /b/ while writing a b in the air or while tracing the letter b on a bumpy surface. Many sets of decodable readers only include 1-2 books per phonics skill. Stating that 1:1 is more effective than whole group instruction is simply stating that you are less confident in the whole group setting. Click here for detailed information. The Barton Reading & Spelling System was designed as intense intervention for students who struggle to easily and accurately decode words when reading (despite being taught phonics), who by second grade are slow and inaccurate readers (are missing the oral reading fluency benchmarks), and who have always struggled with spelling especially when writing sentences, stories, and compositions. To view the gains made by volunteer tutors using the Barton System in the Pleasanton Unified School District, watch the presentation they recently made to the California School Board Association, click here. The Toucan Series. I was trained and mentored by Diana Hanbury King and am a Fellow of the Academy of Orton-Gillingham Practitioners and Educators. It is so helpful. Reading text with sufficient speed and accuracy to support comprehension is what the National Reading Panel refers to as. But one-on-one tutoring is the best. The multisensory educational component integrates the three learning pathways, which are auditory, kinesthetic, and visual. I dont want you to miss an episode! The other two core instructional programs, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt's Journeys and Into Reading, differ in some significant ways from the rest of this list. By using the visual, auditory, and kinesthetic centers of the brain, Orton-Gillingham aims to rewire the neurological connections in the language centers of the dyslexic brain. You may find it interesting to note that before I learned about structured literacy/science of reading, I had hundreds of balanced literacy resources on this website that I have since taken down and replaced with research-based materials. Evidence-based reading instruction can be defined as a particular approach, a specific strategy, or an instructional method which has had a record of success. Structured Literacy is a term used to encompass both the structure of language itself as well as the structure of the instructional approaches to facilitate the literacy learning process. Like what youre doing, OG goes from print to speech as well, but in smaller chunks. Like any program you adapt it to your class and the way you teach! He scored so high on their aptitude test that they put him straight into Aeronautical Engineering. Your email address will not be published. Typically, this method banks on students recognizing words by sight or learning via context. I have found that those are really powerful. You could talk about the sound. Many reading programs include Orton-Gillingham ideas. Balanced Literacy vs. Independent research conducted in Florida at two different Speech-Language clinics showed more than 2 years of gain in decoding and reading comprehension, and more than 1.5 years of gain in fluency, after 40 weeks of one-on-one Barton tutoring. As specific skills are mastered, they are applied into meaningful text that students can read. My school is now working with The Reading League to train all teachers in the Science of Reading and my home school experience really aligns with everything being taught! For writing sentences there's also quite a structure for that as well. It has for years. Red Words We are Experts How to teach letters and sounds to preschoolers, How to teach phonological & phonemic awareness. This is misleading. With OG, the idea is to teach each sound-spelling in detail so that its mastered (or mostly mastered) before moving on. In the approach that I'm using they want you to use a physical object as an anchor for helping them remember the concept and to start with an alliterative sentence. I do not belive that one intervention or litearcy program meets the needs of all students, but I gave it a try with all of my 1st grade groups because my school invested a lot of money in my training. The approach also focuses on a prescriptive-diagnostic way of teaching, meaning that all errors will be noted and corrected with feedback. They do that multiple times. Orton-Gillingham includes evidence-based reading instruction and is a Structured Literacy approach. So if the word is "said," they would start at their shoulder and go down to their wrist, S-A-I-D. And then they say "said" by sliding their finger from their shoulder down to their wrist. You're going to teach the rule, so I would say, "This is the letter M, it represents the sound /m/." Susan Barton has been recognized in the Sylvia O. Richardson Hall of Honor by the Graduates and Supporters of Bright Solutions for Dyslexia for her outstanding achievements, contributions, and efforts; and her commitment and service to individuals in the field of dyslexia. I would want to be careful that I'm not crowding out the connected text reading and making that just be sort of the last thing we do, if we have time. Heggerty contacted me to write a set of 6 decodable books for grades 2 and up. The kids like it too. The Orton Gillingham Approach is primarily used for those who have Dyslexia. skills that is research based . Those things though will be more something that you would come up with on your own versus following a strict scope and sequence. Mineral Wells Elementary Definitely make sure there's plenty of time for applying the phonics knowledge that you're teaching. What are your thoughts on how this differs from OG? To read a recent article published about Susan Barton, click here. With this way? Get the full IMSE lesson break-down here. I stand by this opinion: Anything done one-on-one is probably going to be more effective than a whole-group approach. When you have just one persons needs to meet, you can be more targeted and certainly save time in materials management, which allows more time for instruction. After you dictate the words and they write them, they should read them again to you. Subscribing to our email newsletter is completely free. We're being told now that twenty percent of children have dyslexia, but there's a big range of dyslexia. The use of visual, auditory, and kinesthetic-tactile pathways simultaneously to enhance memory and learning of written language is what the International Dyslexia Association refers to as. The key factors of the Orton-Gillingham approach are that it is language-based, multisensory, structured, sequential, cumulative, cognitive, and flexible. For more information or to sign up for an Edwards Orton-Gillingham training course, click here. Everything I have read has about OG research has stated that the multi-sensory aspect has not been proven to make a difference. They write it with crayon, with their paper on top of plastic netting that you maybe use for sewing I think or some of knitting, I'm not sure, I'm not a sewer, but something like that! This is false. They need explicit, systematic phonics instruction. Today I want to talk about Orton-Gillingham. If you have a teacher thrown into a classroom, expected to teach using the Orton-Gillingham approach, and it's brand new to them, it's not going to be as effective as somebody who's taken a year or two training. Common sense could tell us that it makes sense that we should involve different parts of the body, but that has not been proven by research, which is interesting because the multisensory is really the heart of Orton-Gillingham. There are a few people qualified to offer tutoring for dyslexia on any large . Phonemic awareness is a crucial skill for all those students learning to read and there is a greater emphasis for phonemic awareness in kindergarten and first grade. Structured Literacy, on the other hand, is all about teaching words systematically, with more specific and explained instruction. Orton-Gillingham (OG) is a generic term for a specific set of remedial teaching guidelines; this may also be called Multisensory Structured Language Teaching. You have Successfully Subscribed! Be sure to check out the reviews and make sure the creators are aligned and certified in the Orton-Gillingham approach and aligned with the Science of Reading (SOR). I agree that all of us need more training in the English language and phonics! The instruction (not the method)is evidence-based. She has also completed the DTI Dyslexia Advocacy Certification Course and the Orton-Gillingham Online Academy Basic Language Course (Based on Orton-Gillingham Principles.) Orton Gillingham has been long associated with dyslexia. Orton-Gillingham techniques have been in use since the 1930's. These techniques are taught in only a very small number of public school systems today, and then only within special education classes. IMSE is a research-based, scientific approach to reading and writing instruction to be used in Tier 1-3. There are many. What Does Science Say about Orton-Gillingham Interventions? on the development of reading comprehension skills: Reading comprehension is a complex cognitive process that cannot be understood without a clear description of the role that vocabulary development and vocabulary instruction play in the understanding of what has been read. Lessons are built on previously taught information, starting with the most simple and progressing to more complex concepts. Then they would write, "S says /s/, and SS says /s/." Rather than using predictable repetitive text, they are highly decodable. To become readers, kids need to learn how the words they know how to say connect to print on the page. Here is an explanation on why and how Orton-Gillingham includes evidence-based reading instruction. In summary, successful OG approach strategies involve effective communication that emphasizes getting students involved through multiple sensory (i.e., auditory, visual and kinesthetic). Orton-Gillingham is known for being direct and explicit, multi-sensory, and systematic in its approach to reading intervention and building phonemic awareness, developing advanced phonological understandings, and integrating word study and vocabulary development. This is critical. The Orton-Gillingham assessment resource is designed to use with your students to find a starting point. What are the red flags associated with Dyslexia? Comprehension, You stated: However, one specific piece of Orton-Gillingham that research has not proven to be making any kind of difference is the multisensory approach. It is very, very structured. Systematic phonics is taught in a planned sequence with the most common phonograms (sounds) occurring at the beginning. Karina Richland, M.A., isthe author of the, PRIDE Reading Program Instructional Design Review, Examining the Effectiveness of the Orton-Gillingham Reading Approach, PRIDE Reading Program Common Core Alignment. Structured Literacy. Rather than rules I tend to help them notice patterns that happen often. Ive heard good things about that method for building fluency Ill have to try it! Phonological awareness The awareness that words are composed of sounds and those sounds have distinct articulatory features. The Barton Reading & Spelling System is on the list of Arkansas Literacy Curriculum Approved Programs (Dyslexia), which is listed on their website for Dyslexia Intervention Approved Programs. The Barton Reading & Spelling System is a one-on-one tutoring system that will greatly improve the spelling, reading, and writing skills of children, teenagers or adults who struggle due to dyslexia or a learning disability. What is your mouth doing when you make the sound, /m/? Anything done one-on-one is going to be more effective probably than a whole-group approach, just because you're able to be very diagnostic in that one-on-one setting. There is reliable, trustworthy, and valid evidence to suggest that when this instruction is used with a particular group of students, the students can be expected to make adequate gains in reading achievement. They received three 40-minute sessions each week, for a total of 2 hours of one-on-one tutoring a week, which is the absolute minimum amount of time required to use the Barton System with fidelity. Hi, Terri! In fact, this is what differentiates Orton-Gillingham from reading programs. You have some kids who just have slight dyslexia, and that can really be handled by some structured literacy interventions, and you have kids who are severely dyslexic.. not just 75%. Instead, she changed fields and devoted full time to figuring out the puzzle of dyslexia. The Windward Teacher Training Institute site. I dont want to question the value of those activities, as I do believe students need some way to divide words into syllables and I absolutely love dictation, but I would encourage teachers should make sure they make plenty of time for reading and re-reading decodable text. To provide technical assistance to Floridas schools and to the State Department of Education for the improvement of literacy outcomes in students from pre-K through 12th grade. You are listening to the third in our series of posts about teaching phonics. To get the same intensity, you must tutor a group of 3 students for 6 hours each week. Don't forget to check out my membership for loads of support with your phonics teaching, no matter what approach you're using. That should really be what we're doing a lot of so kids can orthographically map these words and see the value of the isolated practice that they're doing. It is amazing how well my students learn to read and write! As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. If learning to read is a scientific process, then why are most general reading programs and reading instruction in most educational centers not based on science? Also, the more students in a group, the longer it will take to complete the Barton System. Skills are broken down into component parts. Hi, Anna! Orton-Gillingham is an evidence-based SL approach that uses research from the SoR and incorporates recommended multi-sensory instructional techniques. A lot of those spelling rules that feel like a waste of time actually really come in handy you when you're spelling. Sign up for our free 5-day email series to learn what phonics skills to teach and how to structure your phonics lessons! A carefully planned sequence for instruction is what the International Dyslexia Association refers to as. Orton-Gillingham Practitioners and Educators If science-based reading instruction like OG is more effective, why dont more reading programs use it? Until recently, many believed that reading was something that just occurred naturally, a skill that all children would develop. The Orton-Gillingham approach falls into Evidence-Based Reading INSTRUCTION! The literacy skills of children are at stake. Id love to know more about why you felt this approach wasnt working for some of your students. I very much appreciate your article titles, and I will certainly look those up and print/study if there is no paywall. This is actually opposite of what some programs do, which are more from speech to print. Clear and concise student objectives are driven by ongoing assessment. According to the aforementioned New York Times article, when The National Council on Teacher Quality reviewed the syllabuses of teacher preparation programs nationwide, it seemed that less than four out of 10 taught the components of effective reading instruction identified by scientific research. A Comparative Analysis of Student Achievement of First Grade Students Using Fundations vs. Heggerty and Words Their Way I have been using O/G for several years and I have found that the amount of rules can be overwhelming and time consuming. include all 5 components mentioned above by the National Reading Panel. To become readers, kids need to learn how the words they know how to say connect to print on the page. In Systematic Instruction: Instruction across all five components of reading is integrated and decoding skills are practiced in words, sentences, and passages working toward fluency. It introduced the idea of breaking reading and spelling down into smaller skills . The sound is /s/. Eventually with some vowels, for example, they're going to have quite a few in that sand. Understanding connected text as the ultimate goal of reading is what the National Reading Panel refers to as comprehension instruction. Orton-Gillingham. I am currently teaching phonics with Amplify CKLA. So I might say, "There are two ways to spell this sound, divide your tray into two parts. Overall, I really like the program when working with special education. That's actually starting with phonemic awareness. The Orton-Gillingham Approach is a direct, explicit, multisensory, structured, sequential, diagnostic, and prescriptive way to teach literacy when reading, writing . The reading programs in this comparison are ones that are most frequently used by parents teaching their kids at home. IDA Hall of Honor. How does Orton-Gillingham use science to teach students to read? https://imse.com/about-us/orton-gillingham-for-everyone/, https://dyslexiaida.org/accredited-teaching-training-programs/, Ultimate Collection of Phonics Word Lists, Decodable Books & Lessons Set 1b: FLOSS Rule, Blends, ng/nk and more, From Balanced Literacy to Decodable Books Author: A conversation with Elise Lovejoy, Structured literacy in kindergarten: An interview with Kate Winn. All students in grades 2-12 and adults who are not making sufficient progress in intervention or who may require more intensive instruction due to a language-based learning disability/dyslexia. To view the data from the study and details of the STRIVE Dyslexia Program, click here. To view the spectacular results of this study, click here. All language skills taught are reinforced by having the student listen, speak, read and write. We have a late dyslexia dx (gr 6) for one kiddo as he is so bright hes been compensating for years. I have done quite a bit of teacher training as well. Until recently, many believed that reading was something that just occurred naturally, a skill that all children would develop. They need explicit, systematic phonics instruction. IMSE calls irregular words, "red words," which other programs may call the same or something different. Students connect text using comprehension strategies that include visualization, predicting, main idea, summarizing, and inferencing. Here are the standards taught in each lesson of the Barton System. They absolutely do, but so does general teaching. A says //, F says /f/, or they can just say the sound of the letter that's on the card. If your child is struggling with a reading disorder, such as dyslexia, or another language-based learning disability, you may be looking for the best reading intervention program to support your childs learning needs. * Saxon Phonics and its similarities to the Orton-Gillingham Approach * The benefits of Saxon Phonics Effective Reading Instruction Effective reading instruction has become a highly . You are a true giver and each day is better and brighter because of dedicated, kind people like you!!!! There's a very structured procedure for doing this. No, not really. It's just that, I think I said this earlier, you have to come up with those on your own. . Their growth, per their results on the state standards tests, are as follows: Christine Taylor-Redmond We will continue to innovate new curriculum, products, and services that support teachers and help every student in their pursuit of reading. Phonemic Awareness: The Skills That They Need to Help Them Succeed!, Kindergarten Version, Literacy Resources, Inc., 2015, p.ii. I think there's a lot of that in Orton-Gillingham. Structured literacy is explicit, systematic, cumulative, multimodal, diagnostic, responsive and multilinguistic. This was a bit of a longer episode, but I wanted to give you the big picture of what Orton-Gillingham is all about, as well as get specific about what lessons could look like, and then examine some criticisms of Orton-Gillingham and my response to those. I have been using OG for the past four years in my kindergarten class and I LOVE IT!!!! components of evidence-based reading instruction in structured literacy! In addition to the Orton Gillingham . In early October, 45 of those students from grades 2 through 11 were given Form A of the GORT to establish before scores. For example, when shown -ch the child would make all three sounds (as in cheese, ache, chef) and if I remember correctly they are recited most common to least. Weslaco School District Links are consistently made between the visual, auditory, and kinesthetic-tactile pathways in learning to read and spell. The tricky part about that is it's hard to create a study that examines the efficacy of Orton-Gillingham, and there are different reasons for that. Personally I am pleased and impressed with what Ive learned in my research and training, but its only fair to alert my listeners to the fact that there is another side of this issue. Read on to find out why using science to teach students to read is the way to go. Most of the parents of her students also lacked this information. The Orton-Gillingham model is a systematic, multisensory way of educating students with a major focus on phonological awareness, as well as other scientifically based language structures. Thanks so much for sharing your experience! The first year they did not receive Barton tutoring. Learn More about the Effective Orton-Gillingham Approach by Signing Up for our Free CoursePlus, getteaching tips and fun learning activities delivered straight to your inbox with the PRIDE Weekly Roar. Plug your nose, can you still make this sound? In the past few years, Susan has presented at these conferences: the American Speech Hearing Associations national conference, the Learning Disabilities national conference, the Canadian Dyslexia Association, the Oregon branch of the International Dyslexia Association, California Literacy, many regional and statewide conferences of the International Reading Association, many regional and statewide conferences for the Association for Christian Schools International, the California and Arizona Charter Schools conferences, the California Association of School Psychologists, the California Kindergarten conference, and the Early Childhood Educators conference, to name just a few. Your assumption that there are not many opportunities for connected text is interesting given that there is a decodable text provided to you by IMSE for each skill. We're here to do whatever we can to help teachers succeed. Appreciate the integrity of sharing your whole journey on the science behind reading, and that you arent claiming OG is the only way. For brevitys sake, I did not include all lesson components in the podcast episode. Hi Mary Id like to know Annas thoughts on that method also, and I am wondering what age were the students you were working. Students connect spelling instruction with vocabulary, affixes, and root/base words. If you have a child right here, who's getting Orton-Gillingham tutoring once a day, but in the classroom they're being taught to use three-cueing as they're reading and solving words, then it's a little hard to know versus somebody who's getting Orton-Gillingham and structured literacy in the class. Understanding of individual word meanings in a text is what the National Reading Panel refers to as vocabulary instruction. I have been using your program for 3 years and I love it! It's not a reading program, it's an approach backed by science. For those interested in learning the Orton-Gillingham approach, programs that incorporate a broader Structured Literacy foundation have been shown to deliver strong outcomes. I wouldn't want to say to get rid of rules altogether, I definitely don't think so, because having those as a reference is really helpful when spelling. Later on, they would also add the C, and anything else they learn that represents that sound. This kind of instruction is impactful for all students and critical for those with dyslexia of all degrees in all three tiers of instruction. You dictate the sentence, you pound the syllables in the sentence, they pound and repeat with you, you point to all the lines and say the words, they point to the lines and say the words, and then they write. Some of them are designed to accompany an Orton-Gillingham based programs, but can be used with other scopes and sequences with care. Her most popular are: For a complete list of her dyslexia videos, click here. There are many curricula that base their instruction on the Orton-Gillingham approach, but it looks different depending on the program. This reading approach is scientifically proven to work, using scientifically backed research. The systematic phonics will begin with the most basic levels of phonics and develop into the most advanced spelling rules and morphological concepts. That should be learned not leaned Sorrytiny iPhone keys!!! Bright Solutions for Dyslexia is also the publisher of the Barton Reading & Spelling System. To begin, the fact that this piece was written while you are in the process of obtaining your comprehensive certification through IMSE is highly concerning. Susan Barton was recently inducted into the International Dyslexia Associations Hall of Honor. That's what we're trying to get! In April, after just 3 months of intervention, 17 of the 20 students scores were above the DIBELS benchmark in Nonsense Word Fluency, which tests the ability to read by sounding out. components include: Phonological Awareness. Orton Gillingham Trained Speech Therapist Loving Language and Literacy In addition to the in-depth knowledge in language development gained while studying and practicing as an SLP, I have received training in Orton-Gillingham through the Institute for Multisensory Education. Im working with a second grader and I think he could benefit from this kind of instruction. Ive followed you for years now, and came looking for your take on OG as I knew you had been on a professional journey with all thisbut couldnt quite remember the content! Absolutely. Samuel Orton was a neuropsychiatrist and a pathologist who focused on reading failure and related language processing difficulties. Our system is a multi-sensory, direct, explicit, structured and sequential program designed for intense intervention. 1 student < 20th percentile Join the waitlist for Teaching Every Reader. No intervention occurred during the 3 month summer breaks. Thank you for this podcast. I dont know if there is research to back this up, but many claim that the speech to print way (vs. the print to speech way that youre describing) is best. The drill ends with a blending drill. All Rights Reserved. It might be "/fl/, //, /p/ - flip." There's a lot of really good interactive, read-aloud programs that you can buy, or you can just do them yourself. The Orton-Gillingham approach is language-based, multisensory, structured, sequential, cumulative, cognitive, and flexible. It shows statistically significant gains in phonemic awareness, rapid naming, and phonological memory after only 5 months of twice-a-week tutoring using the Barton System. It feels like theres a lot of word-level activity, and not as much connected text opportunity. Thanks again for starting this conversation, its an important one to have. Depending on how far along they are, you're also going to dictate words and sentences for them to write. To resolve this, he brought neuroscientific information and principles of remediation together. Orton-Gillingham evidence-based reading instruction includes reading fluency instruction. includes modeling, guided practice, and independent practice of the skill being taught. 99% of teachers surveyed said Heggerty meets or exceeds expectations when it comes to having a positive impact on learning outcomes. I know that was a lot, we're going to look at what some of those things look like in an Orton-Gillingham lesson, but I want you to know that those are the qualities of Orton-Gillingham. Phonemic awareness instruction helps all types of children improve reading. !1 They have so much more confidence!!! This research indicates: current data strongly suggests that IMSEs OG is extremely effective with emergent readersresults show the majority of students achieved perfect or near-perfect letter and sound recognition even if they started below their peers., You stated: I also know that doing syllable division and dictation take a great deal of time; in my experience, more time than it takes to read the decodable reader. During that time, she watched her nephew, Ben, have significant difficulty in school. It is practiced as a direct, explicit, cognitive, cumulative, and multi-sensory approach. The intensity in 3-on-1 tutoring is not the same as 1-on-1 tutoring. You are correct that I gave just a portion of OGs overall lesson structure in the podcast. And if you provide 1-on-1 tutoring, you only have to provide 2 hours of tutoring each week (although more is better). This lesson plan is carefully thought out, strategic and designed before activities and lessons are developed. It was developed in the 1930s by Dr. Samuel Orton, a neuropsychiatrist, and Anna Gillingham, an educator. It is direct, explicit, systematic, and sequential instruction that incorporates multi-sensory elements. While 75% percent of students may be able to learn to get by using a Balanced Literacy method, the other 25 % that make up that struggling reader group, wont. Plus, getteaching tips and fun learning activities delivered straight to your inbox with the PRIDE Weekly Roar. Evidence-based reading instruction must include all 5 components outlined by the National Reading Panel. Thank you for your feedback, Denise! Orton-Gillingham is a structured literacy approach, and there are many reading programs based on Orton-Gillingham such as Wilson, Take Flight, and The Logic of English, or that include Orton-Gillingham ideas. In 2013, a Duval County public school did a pilot program with 3rd, 4th, and 5th grade students who had a record of significant reading deficiency. However, the problem is that about 25% of students in the U.S. struggle with reading. You point to each item, students say the sound of it, and then blend it together. We recommend signing up for just one at a time. It also depends on the severity of the disability. Ms. Spaulding was a student of Samuel Orton. The Orton-Gillingham approach is an intensive program in reading, spelling, writing and comprehension for children and adolescents with learning disabilities like dyslexia and dysgraphia. Structured Literacy Means Four More Components! All Rights Reserved, Executive Function; Organizational & Study Skills, Orton-Gillingham based approaches, incl. Finally, it's hard to measure the efficacy of Orton-Gillingham because we don't know what's happening in the rest of the day. While some reading programs do include a systematic, tiered method of instruction, most are not scientifically backed and instead focus on Balanced Literacy or Whole Language. 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