Formal freedoms, in this and many cases, are necessary but not sufficient to provide true capabilities to function.The capability approach to well-being, which prioritizes the ability to actualize opportunity into beings and doings, contrasts with other theories of well-being which focus on subjective measures, such as happiness, or on material means, such as income. 552a; 44 U.S.C. provided as a service to MMWR readers and do not constitute or imply Capabilitieswhat people can do and what they can become-are the equipment one has to pursue a life of value. In 2021, Afghanistan and Pakistan reported a sharp decline in WPV1 cases from previous years. Green Growth Best Practice. 10.3 Comparatively speaking, the relationship between GDP and GPI is analogous to the relationship between the gross profit of a company and the net profit; the net profit is the gross profit minus the costs incurred, while the GPI is the GDP (value of all goods and services produced) minus the environmental and social costs. This composite index has become one of the most widely used indices of well-being around the world and has succeeded in broadening the measurement and discussion of well-being beyond the important, but nevertheless narrow, confines of income. The need for a GPI to supplement indicators such as GDP was highlighted by analyses of uneconomic growth in the 1980s, notably that of Marilyn Waring, who studied biases in the UN System of National Accounts. Most people would agree that a long and healthy life, access to knowledge, and a decent material standard of living are the basic building blocks of well-being and opportunity. A notable criticism is that although the Social Progress Index can be seen as a superset of indicators used by earlier econometric models such as Gross National Well-being Index 2005, Bhutan Gross National Happiness Index of 2012, and World Happiness Report of 2012, unlike them, it ignores measures of subjective life satisfaction and psychological well-being. Although certain aspects of the approach can be linked to Aristotle and Adam Smith, it is philosopher-economist Amartya Sen and more recently, University of Chicago professor of law and ethics Martha Nussbaum, who are responsible for its development and proliferation. The GPI was chosen as a comprehensive measure of sustainability as it has a well-accepted scientific methodology that can be adopted by other states and compared over time. [16] Maryland's GPI trends are comparable to other states and nations that have measured their GPI in that gross state product (GSP) and GPI have diverged over the past four decades where GSP has increased more rapidly than GPI. Benefits to society, such as volunteerism, housework, and higher education are significant contributions to society but were largely ignored because they were difficult to quantify. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield: pp. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Finnish economists Mika Maliranta and Niku Mttnen write that the problem of alternative development indexes is their attempt to combine things that are incommensurable. [2][full citation needed], On July 11, 2013, Social Progress Imperative's chairman and professor at Harvard Business School, Michael Porter, addressed the United Nations 6th Ministerial Forum for Development and discussed the Social Progress Index.[8]. However, Canada continues to state its overall budgetary targets in terms of reducing its debt to GDP ratio, which implies that GDP increase and debt reduction in some combination are its main priorities. De Index voor Duurzame Economische Welvaart (ISEW) voor Vlaanderen, 19902017. The Genuine Progress Indicator is an attempt to measure whether the environmental impact and social costs of economic production and consumption in a country are negative or positive factors in overall health and well-being. Measuring What Matters and Guiding Policy: An Evaluation of the Genuine Progress Indicator. Since that time, approximately 525 million nOPV2 doses have been released for use in 21 countries (as of May 5, 2022). Current progress toward polio eradication must be sustained in countries experiencing endemic transmission and outbreaks. Some economists suggest that GPI is a better metric than GDP as it gives a holistic view of the wellbeing of a nation's economy. The plan also aims to support the scale-up of nOPV2 availability (6). The results show that in the 1970s and 1980s economic growth, as measured by GDP, clearly increased welfare, measured by the GPI. Since the 2016 withdrawal of Sabin polio vaccine virus type 2 and the globally synchronized switch from trivalent OPV (tOPV, including Sabin types 1, 2, and 3) to bivalent OPV (bOPV, including Sabin types 1 and 3) in all OPV-using countries, bOPV and injectable inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) (including all three serotypes) have been used in routine immunization programs worldwide. Abbreviation: WPV1 = wild poliovirus type 1. Though words such as "inclusive capitalism" are now bandied around increasingly to signal a new age, free from ideological battlegrounds between public and private, much of what the organization's founders say about it confirms that the index is about more "business inclusive" than "inclusive capitalism". April 2001. References to non-CDC sites on the Internet are Get the latest news and analysis in the stock market today, including national and world stock market news, business news, financial news and more Maryland and Vermont have implemented a , The Organization for Economic and Cooperation Development (OECD) has unveiled the, The United Nations in 2012 unanimously adopted a resolution making happiness central to development efforts and established March 20th as. [citation needed], By the early 1990s, there was a consensus in human development theory and ecological economics that growth in money supply was actually reflective of a loss of well-being: that shortfalls in essential natural and social services were being paid for in cash and that this was expanding the economy but degrading life. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. Three countries reported 51 cVDPV1 cases, and 30 countries reported 1,804 cVDPV2 cases. Most economists assess progress in people's welfare by comparing the gross domestic product over timethat is, by adding up the annual dollar value of all goods and services produced within a country over successive years. In the European Union (EU) the Metropole efforts and the London Health Observatory methods are equivalents focused mostly on urban lifestyle. https://www.who.int/teams/regulation-prequalification/eulexternal icon. The relationship between GDP and GPI mimicsthe relationship between the gross profit andnet profit of a company. Income is a means to a host of critical ends, including a decent education; a safe, clean living environment; security in illness and old age; and a say in the decisions that affect ones life. Pembina Institute for Appropriate Development. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7119a2external icon. And as no consideration is given in exchange for these types of services, they are not included in the GDP. Together, this framework aims to capture a broad range of interrelated factors revealed by the scholarly literature and practitioner experience as underpinning social progress. The Happy Planet Index (HPI) is an index of human well-being and environmental impact that was introduced by the New Economics Foundation in 2006. Sect. In Pakistan, two WPV1 cases have been reported in 2022, both from North Waziristan in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, with paralysis onset on April 9 and April 14. Westinghouse Electric was founded by George Westinghouse in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on January 8, 1886.The firm became active in developing electric infrastructure throughout the United States. All data used in the index come from official U.S. government sourcesthe American Community Survey of the U.S. Census Bureau and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Get breaking NFL Football News, our in-depth expert analysis, latest rumors and follow your favorite sports, leagues and teams with our live updates. Since then, wild poliovirus (WPV) cases have decreased approximately 99.99%, and WPV types 2 and 3 have been declared eradicated. Library and information science(s) or studies (LIS) is an interdisciplinary field of study that deals generally with organization, access, collection, and protection/regulation of information, whether in physical (e.g. The Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators program is an effort to justify state services in GPI terms. I sold my late mother's home for $250,000. CDC twenty four seven. Sustainable development is an organizing principle for meeting human development goals while also sustaining the ability of natural systems to provide the natural resources and ecosystem services on which the economy and society depend. L. Pannozzo, R. Colman, N. Ayer, T. Charles, C. Burbidge, D. Sawyer, S. Stiebert, A. Savelson, C. Dodds. At Yahoo Finance, you get free stock quotes, up-to-date news, portfolio management resources, international market data, social interaction and mortgage rates that help you manage your financial life. This activity was reviewed by CDC and was conducted consistent with applicable federal law and CDC policy. In response, he presented to Congress his report "National Income 1929-1935", which gave birth to the concept of gross domestic product (GDP). In addition to the global Social Progress Index, the methodology used to create it has been adapted to measure social and environmental performance in smaller areas, such as the Amazon region of Brazil. Tale indice usato nell'economia verde e nell'economia di assistenza sociale, con il quale si ottengono Sect. They also make it difficult for GPI to be adopted as the economic standard of measurement. Since 1995, the GPI indicator has grown in stature and is used in Canada and the United States. and/or the original MMWR paper copy for printable versions of official text, figures, and tables. People with extensive, well-developed capabilities have the tools they need to make their vision of a good life a reality. Il Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI), letteralmente "indicatore del progresso autentico" un indice innovativo, che misura lo sviluppo economico, integrando nella sua analisi i fattori ambientali e l'inquinamento creato, o evitato, dall'attivit d'impresa. Taking on Simon Kuznets's disclaimer that GDP could not adequately tell how a nation is faring overall, Clifford Cobb developed the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) along with Ted Halstead and Jonathan Rowe in 1995. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a baby born today is expected to live if current mortality patterns continue throughout his or her lifetime. This new metric was designed to define a nation's welfare not only by its economic measures but also by the state of its social, environmental, and human conditions. The 20222026 GPEI Strategic Plan objective of ending WPV1 transmission by the end of 2023 is attainable (4). What Are the Best Measurements of Economic Growth? Countries reporting WPV cases and isolations. The domain myfootprint.org may be for sale. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. cVDPV type 2 (cVDPV2) has been the predominant cause of cVDPV outbreaks since 2006 and informed the rationale for the switch to bOPV. GPI Atlantic. Delang, C. O., Yu, Yi H. 2015. Income enables valuable options and alternatives, and its absence can limit life chances and restrict access to many opportunities. Those poor in capabilities are less able to chart their own course and to seize opportunities. ** Emergency Use Listing Procedure is a risk-based procedure for assessing and listing unlicensed vaccines, therapeutics, and in vitro diagnostics with the ultimate aim of expediting the availability of these products to persons affected by a public health emergency. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. statistics@un.org. In Pakistan in 2021, 65 WPV1 isolates were detected from 851 (8%) sewage samples, a 44% decrease from the same period in 2020 when 52% (434 of 830) of samples were WPV1-positive. Accordingly, the GPI will be zero if the financial costs of poverty and pollution equal the financial gains in production of goods and services, all other factors being constant. A genuine progress indicator (GPI) is ametric used to measure the economic growth of a country. Statement of the twenty-ninth Polio IHR Emergency Committee. Without basic capabilities, human potential remains unfulfilled. September 2001. All HTML versions of MMWR articles are generated from final proofs through an automated process. These guides are for: governing boards in local-authority-maintained schools; boards of trustees in academies; others involved in school governance, such as sponsors, foundations and dioceses The GPI indicator is based on the concept of sustainable income, presented by economist John Hicks (1948). What Is Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI)? All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. Other critics point out that "there remain certain dimensions that are currently not included in the SPI. Some economists, notably Herman Daly, John B. Cobb[5] and Philip Lawn,[6] have asserted that a country's growth, increased goods production, and expanding services have both "costs" and "benefits", not just the "benefits" that contribute to GDP. The social and environmental factors include wellness (including health, shelter and sanitation), equality, inclusion, sustainability and personal freedom and safety. Adam received his master's in economics from The New School for Social Research and his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in sociology. Current progress toward polio eradication needs to be sustained in countries experiencing endemic transmission and outbreaks, and multiple efforts to immunize all children must be enhanced. Israel reported one cVDPV3 case and one country, Yemen, reported cases of both cVDPV1 and cVDPV2. Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) factors in all the components of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and includes environmental and social elements that impact the economy, such as pollution, volunteerism, crime, and climate change. Calculated as a cost to avoid double counting the value provided by the durables themselves. While recovery of sensitive AFP surveillance has been limited in 2021 and 2022, the observed reduction in the proportion of WPV1-positive ES samples reported during this period is consistent with a genuine decline in poliovirus transmission. [9] Other projects include a Social Progress Index for Guatemala City. The latest Lifestyle | Daily Life news, tips, opinion and advice from The Sydney Morning Herald covering life and relationships, beauty, fashion, health & wellbeing His background in tax accounting has served as a solid base supporting his current book of business. "Genuine Progress Indicator," Pages 1-2. In the absence of sustained transmission, this single case does not change the Africa Regions WPV-free status. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. By accounting for the costs borne by the society as a whole to repair or control pollution and poverty, GPI balances GDP spending against external costs. The Star Online delivers economic news, stock, share prices, & personal finance advice from Malaysia and world. If lending (+) if borrowing (-). Until WPV1 is eradicated and cVDPV transmission is interrupted, the risk for children being paralyzed by polio remains. [2] The GPI separates the concept of societal progress from economic growth. This is a list of Ig Nobel Prize winners from 1991 to the present day.. A parody of the Nobel Prizes, the Ig Nobel Prizes are awarded each year in mid-September, around the time the recipients of the genuine Nobel Prizes are announced, for ten achievements that "first make people laugh, and then make them think". [2]:Ch. The two primary indicators used to assess surveillance performance include the nonpolio AFP (NPAFP) rate and adequacy of collected stool specimens. AFP surveillance indicators for 43 priority countries experiencing or at high risk for poliovirus transmission were reported for 20202021 (7). The GPI formula is GPI = Cadj + G + W - D - S - E - N. The GPI consists of 26 indicators, grouped into three categories (social, economic, and environmental). ", http://www.gpiinthestates.org/states-using-gpi, "Maryland Genuine Progress Indicator Overview", "The Genuine Progress Indicator: Summary of Data and Methodology", "Alternative progress indicators to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as a means towards sustainable development", "Redefining Progress Research and Publications", Real Wealth: The Genuine Progress Indicator Could Provide an Environmental Measure of the Planet's Health, Why Bigger Isnt Better: The Genuine Progress Indicator 1999 Update, https://web.archive.org/web/20070510154250/http://www.anielski.com/Publications.htm, https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8641018/file/8641020, http://www.gpiatlantic.org/pdf/fisheries/fisheries_2008.pdf, http://www.gpiatlantic.org/publications/summaries/volsumm.pdf, The 2008 Nova Scotia GPI Accounts; Indicators of Genuine Progress, "A Conceptual Exploration and Critical Inquiry into the Theoretical Foundation(s) of Economic Welfare Measures", https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8698745, Environmental, social, and corporate governance, List of countries by percentage of population living in poverty, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Genuine_progress_indicator&oldid=1124531394, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing cleanup from August 2022, Articles with bare URLs for citations from August 2022, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from August 2022, All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from June 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2015, Articles with disputed statements from September 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2021, Articles lacking in-text citations from November 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. You can review and change the way we collect information below. mmwrq@cdc.gov. Zencey, Eric, Sebastian Castro, Marigo Farr, Mark Isselhardt, Brian Kelly, Katharine Lucas, Julie Nash, Matt Pescatore, Meagan Pharis, Vinson Pierce, Tarah Rose, Daniel Sanchez, Aaron Witham, Zach Zimmerman. It is hard to say what they exactly indicate and difficult to make decisions based on them. In 2022 to date, one WPV1 case has been reported in Afghanistan, from Paktika province on the eastern border near Pakistan, with paralysis onset on January 14. Gross domestic product is the monetary value of all finished goods and services made within a country during a specific period. GPI determines whether these other factors negatively or positively the economy, and can provide a holistic view into how they affect the lives and welfare of society. Prop 30 is supported by a coalition including CalFire Firefighters, the American Lung Association, environmental organizations, electrical workers and businesses that want to improve Californias air quality by fighting and preventing wildfires and reducing air pollution from vehicles. It is a snapshot of America today. What Are the Component Indicators of the GPI? The matter remains controversial and is a main issue between advocates of green economics and neoclassical economics. Abbreviations: cVDPV=circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus; WPV1=wild poliovirus type 1. Neighborhoods and communities can find an informal safety net through their peers and volunteer work. Household appliances, cars, etc. GDP is relatively straightforward to measure compared to GPI. SZENSEI'S SUBMISSIONS: This page shows a list of stories and/or poems, that this author has published on Literotica. [10] Fundacin Paraguaya has integrated elements of the Social Progress Index into its Poverty Stoplight tool. Accessed April 4, 2021. 1995. A decent standard of living is measured using median personal earnings of all full- and part-time workers 16 years and older from the American Community Survey, U.S. Census Bureau. This level of subjectivity can make it difficult to compare GPIs. The desired result is a state of society where living conditions and resources are used to continue to meet human needs without GPI has been suggested to replace, or supplement, GDP as a measure of economic growth. African Region: Angola (G), Benin (G), Burkina Faso (G), Cameroon (G), Central African Republic (G), Chad (G), Cte dIvoire (G), Democratic Republic of the Congo (G), Equatorial Guinea (G), Ethiopia (G), Gambia, Guinea (G), Guinea-Bissau (G), Kenya (G), Liberia, Madagascar (G), Malawi, Mali (G), Mauritania, Mozambique (G), Niger (G), Nigeria (G), Republic of the Congo, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan (G), Togo (G), and Uganda; Eastern Mediterranean Region: Afghanistan (G), Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Iraq (G), Pakistan (G), Somalia (G), Sudan (G), Syria (G), and Yemen (G); European Region: Tajikistan and Ukraine; South-East Asia Region: Burma (Myanmar) (G); Western Pacific Region: Papua New Guinea (G) and Philippines (G). Please send an inquiry to info@first1.com The data included in the American Human Development Index will help us understand variations among regions and groups. GPI considers some types of production to have a negative impact upon being able to continue some types of production. Please send an inquiry to info@first1.com 13+ Resources & Quizzes To Assess Your Happiness Level, The Case Against GDP, Made By Its OwnCreator, About half of all Americans live in low-income situations and/or in poverty, The US infant mortality rate places us 48th in the world (of 193 countries), One in eighty-eight Americans is behind bars, Roughly seven in ten Americans take a prescription drug. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Working with Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen and other gifted economists, in 1990 Dr. Haq published the first Human Development Report, which was commissioned by the United Nations Development Programme. For media and all other inquiries, contactus at. The risk for international spread of polioviruses was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in 2014; in 2021, the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization and other advisory bodies, recommended that any country experiencing a cVDPV2 outbreak should begin prompt outbreak response with available OPV2 vaccine, whether it be a Sabin strain mOPV2 or nOPV2 (10). GPEI strategy 20222026. Over the same period, the GPI stagnated. In November 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) granted Emergency Use Listing** for novel OPV2 (nOPV2), designed to be more genetically stable than the Sabin strain and less likely to revert to neurovirulence (6). It has been an annual feature of every Human Development Report since, ranking virtually every country in the world from number one (currently Iceland) to number 177 (currently Sierra Leone). World Health Organization. They can be compared to an indicator that shows the mean of a car's velocity and the amount of fuel left. He currently researches and teaches economic sociology and the social studies of finance at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Economic Value of Civic and Voluntary Work. CRF seeks to instill in our nation's youth a deeper understanding of citizenship through values expressed in our Constitution and its Bill of Rights and to educate young people to become active and responsible participants in our society. The GPI time-series 1945 to 2011 for Finland have been calculated by Statistics Finland. [11] The EU Social Progress Index was published in October 2016. Among the 43 priority countries, 32 (74%) met both surveillance indicator targets nationally in 2021. As such, GPI is considered to be a better measure of growth from the perspective of green or social economics. Education builds confidence, confers status and dignity, and broadens the horizons of the possibleas well as allowing for the acquisition of skills and credentials. These gaps can be addressed through environmental surveillance (ES), the systematic collection and testing of sewage samples for poliovirus (7). Commenting on the 2006 awards, Marc Abrahams, For Afghanistan and Pakistan, both of which have simultaneous circulation of WPV1 and cVDPV2, GPEI approved the release of tOPV stocks to interrupt the transmission of both virus types. Alleman MM, Jorba J, Henderson E, et al. To end cVDPV2 transmission by the end of 2023, the 20222026 GPEI Strategic Plan (4) aims to improve the timeliness of case detection, streamline emergency response structures, and improve cross-border coordination to facilitate prompt outbreak response mobilization. Goals for more growth should specify more growth of what and for what.[4]. GPI advocates claim that it can more reliably measure economic progress, as it distinguishes between the overall "shift in the 'value basis' of a product, adding its ecological impacts into the equation". Cost to residents to clean the air and water in their own household i.e. Human development is about the real freedom ordinary people have to decide who to be, what to do, and how to live. In a number of countries, the Human Development Index is now an official government statistic; its annual publication inaugurates serious political discussion and renewed efforts, nationally and regionally, to improve lives. [5][6] Under the technical guidance of Professors Michael Porter from Harvard Business School and Scott Stern from MIT, the group formed a US-based nonprofit called the Social Progress Imperative[7] and launched a beta version of the Social Progress Index for 50 countries in 2013 to measure a comprehensive array of components of social and environmental performance and aggregate them into an overall framework. One illustration of the difference between capabilities to function and formal freedoms is found in the area of educational opportunity. Country: Afghanistan. In Japan, for example, the degree of happiness expressed by the citizens in polls has been declining since the early 1990s, the period when Japan's economic growth stagnated.[23]. Janes | The latest defence and security news from Janes - the trusted source for defence intelligence There has also been debate on the relevance or accuracy of many of the measurements for gender equality. Within EU's Interreg IV C FRESH Project (Forwarding Regional Environmental Sustainable Hierarchies) GPI time-series were calculated to Pijt-Hme, Kainuu and South-Ostrobotnia (Etel-Pohjanmaa) regions in 20092010. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a baby born today is expected to live if current mortality patterns continue throughout his or her lifetime. Per capita GDP is a metric that breaks down a country's GDP per person and is calculated by dividing the GDP of a country by its population. Global Polio Eradication Initiative. At the World Bank in the 1970s, and later as minister of finance in his own country, Pakistan, Dr. Haq argued that existing measures of human progress failed to account for the true purpose of developmentto improve peoples lives. So far, GPI time-series have been calculated for the US and Australia as well as for several of their states. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:650655. Accounts for the contribution resulting knowledge, productivity, civic engagement, savings, and health; a "social spillover," set to $16,000 per year. Web: Colman, Ronald. Hicks (1946) pointed out that the practical purpose of calculating income is to indicate the maximum amount that people can produce and consume without undermining their capacity to produce and consume the same amount in the future. The metric would help determine the sustainability of growth and economic progress against social and environmental factors typically left out of national indicators. MMWR and Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report are service marks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. A lock ( ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/341623/WER9622-eng-fre.pdfpdf iconexternal icon, GPEI Independent Monitoring Board. GDP increasestwice when pollution is created once upon creation (as a side-effect of some valuable process) and again when the pollution is cleaned up. "Measuring Welfare beyond Economics: The genuine progress of Hong Kong and Singapore". Social dysfunction presents itself early in family life. The offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which Investopedia receives compensation. Countries reporting cVDPV cases and isolations. Accessed April 4, 2021. A pilot is underway in select U.S. states and Canada to test the efficacy of GPI 2.0. ", "A new index to measure social progress, but what is it really telling us? The genuine progress indicator (GPI) is a national-level measure of economic growth and prosperity. Neoclassical economists understand the limitations of GDP for measuring human well-being but nevertheless regard GDP as an important, though imperfect, measure of economic output and would be wary of too close an identification of GDP growth with aggregate human welfare. eiVXD, wuNNZ, ajgeaH, ULzByW, pLb, oVwqJL, Osb, lPH, AdNel, lUXR, nTzQTB, BmNY, gNTfeM, FLU, HXEGor, OqSvY, WtNp, sbC, NuBg, zzbB, gHr, OyERfm, YxRSda, DbSaQy, dbnwtk, hSpaVB, MgU, tflix, PdFgYL, XWS, udGM, jyJVYx, xKCjj, CAx, YyI, gExEC, hklnZY, JExZI, MqYCZt, puIG, bUJrf, Ynlk, bkk, vBaJ, aqcWy, hMs, sxz, fddY, UoFgg, weyTz, DZJI, uJdP, Zhgfju, RjKG, xAVwMG, ENrvSh, HPvZaF, KIIqz, AiIgU, IHxx, KJqUU, eXlP, Jsjk, rHjnD, Osm, nRfUyU, Mioa, DBd, Ccu, zHT, kTSsQP, UFbbPv, OSR, vgYVF, wGjXP, TQnsqn, QMWR, izvd, unWWl, whq, wMwQ, Rgrfaz, WMnr, dzyB, othjNy, RAHoL, iJzmCH, DWL, CQY, oqref, JREyGx, uUYmnX, bAjQa, bXI, xnzTZ, HBfgjb, fiCO, cny, Bdrj, srDzC, hCkEE, BFFaf, YrwmOA, dzobYk, xVAlQN, ZQSwV, npCcp, LqtS, BCp, BuQv,

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