In fact, only 110,247 Edsels were ever actually produced, and the Edsel was discontinued in 1959 for a loss of $250 million. Henry Ford 2d, who took over the ailing auto company founded by his grandfather and restored it as one of the world's industrial giants, died yesterday in Detroit of complications arising. - He was the international playboy who did as he liked, starring in the jet set gossip columns and making headlines as master of revels at famous watering holes in the Bahamas, Mexico and the Riviera. Henry Ford once refused to pay $10,000 to General Electric for fixing a generator problem and asked for an itemized bill. Although the Ford Motor Company lost as much as $68,000,000 in a single depression year, Mr. Ford maintained his wage policy until the autumn of 1932, when it announced a readjustment from "the How did Henry Ford II get rid of Bennett? He made a practice of carrying tremendous Henry Ford died at his residence, Fair Lane Estate in Dearborn, at 11:40pm on Monday, April 7, 1947, following a cerebral hemorrhage. There he brought the original log cabin in which Born Sept. 4, 1917, in Detroit, he was the eldest son of Edsel B. and Eleanor Clay Ford, and no one then or later ever doubted that he was the crown prince of the burgeoning Ford empire. The union charged that the beatings were administered by Ford company police. . These are the 101 best restaurants in Los Angeles, Law & Order: SVU showrunner accused of mistreating women, support staff on multiple shows, Violence between L.A. Councilman Kevin de Len, activist caught on video, sparks debate, A world gone mad: Schizophrenia and a journey through Californias failed mental health system, Co-workers of cop who killed 3 in California took items from his home before official search. In 1923 he purchased the Wayside Inn at South Sudbury, Mass., which had been the subject of Longfellow's had it that she was dissatisfied with the course of company affairs. Next years net soared to $256 million, and by 1953 Ford had once again moved past Chrysler to the No. Ford died of a cerebral hemorrhage at his Fair Lane estate in Dearborn during the River Rouge flood of 1947, said Mason Christensen, an archivist with the Dearborn Historical Museum. To support his contention that the United States was in no danger Mr. Ford, in May, 1940, stated that if it should become necessary the Ford Motor Company could "under our own supervision, and without paper. Henry Ford died on April 7, 1947 in the city of Detroit, Michigan (United States). The influence of the aging Henry Ford, however, was declining. DETROIT, April 7--Henry Ford, noted automotive pioneer, died at 11:40 tonight at the age of 83. Edsel was elected president in January of 1919, and he began negotiations for the purchase of all shares of minority stock in the Company. He remained a member of the board of directors and chairman of the firms finance committee, while younger brother William Clay Ford continued active as a vice chairman of the firm and watchdog of the familys stake in it, and no one ever doubted his continuing interest. In 1919 he and his son, Edsel, became its sole owners, when they bought out the minority stockholders for $70,000,000. As he had to pay $3.50 a week for board and lodging, he took another job, working from 7 to 11 o'clock every night for a jeweler, for $2 more a week. Its production mounted from 25,000 in January, 1926, to 77,000 in November, while Ford sales dropped. He attempted in vain to interest the younger generation in old-fashioned dances and fiddlers. were set upon and badly beaten. Henry Ford II, (born September 4, 1917, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.died September 29, 1987, Detroit), American industrialist and head of Ford Motor Company for 34 years (194579). The company had no true accounting system, no property books and no adequate research or design departments. Dearborn, Michigan. Updates? the wood-working is done at the forest mill, the waste goes to a wood-distillation plant, and there is no waste in shipment. he founded in 1903. by one-third the inventory of goods he needed on hand for uninterrupted production, and to release $28,000,000 from capital funds to ready cash. Henry Ford II (1917-1987) was an American industrialist. As a trustee of the Ford Foundation, Henry Ford II supported most of its most widely debated actions, including aid to community organizing projects among the poor. He became president of Ford in 1978 after Henry Ford II fired Lee Iacocca. Becomes President of Chrysler in Nov 1978. At its construction it was the largest single manufacturing establishment in the world, occupying a building In an interview on Feb. 19, 1937, he advised all workers to "stay out of unions." By the time he left school, he had already been a director of the company for two years. during the war. Henry Ford died at home in 1947. The old man could not remain in the drivers seat. Was Henry Ford a billionaire? With him was Kathleen DuRoss, a widow and former model he had met during a party at his home. She was 81 and lived in suburban Grosse Pointe Farms. After protracted litigation, Mr. Ford won the suit when the Supreme Court held that the Selden patent was invalid. He was 83 years old. He established two cardinal economic policies during this tremendous expansion: the continued cutting of the cost of the product as improved methods of production made it possible, and the payment of Per maggiori informazioni sulle modalit di utilizzo dei dati, consulta la nostra Informativa sulla privacy e lInformativa sui cookie. A year later he joined the U.S. Navy; but in 1943, following the unexpected death of his father, he was released from duty and became a Ford vice president. Born Sept. 4, 1917, in Detroit, he was the eldest son of Edsel B. and Eleanor Clay Ford, and no one then or later ever doubted that he was the crown prince of the burgeoning Ford empire. When did Henry Ford introduces gasoline powered cars? the war forced the conversion of its gigantic production facilities to weapons of war. Ford, 70, who had a history of heart problems, was admitted to Cottage Hospital in suburban Grosse Pointe Farms on Sept. 9 for treatment of pneumonia he contracted while living at his country estate outside London. Meanwhile, outside the auto industry, Ford was making himself highly visible as a man who often--and bluntly--spoke his mind on social, industrial and governmental problems. Who got Henry Ford's money? And then, in October, 1978, it was Iacoccas turn. Thank God. secretly at night, after he had finished his chores on the farm, because his father wanted to discourage his mechanical ambitions. The group, which included (future Defense Secretary) Robert S. McNamara, Arjay Miller (who would become Ford board chairman) and Charles B. He could have opted out, biographer Anton Walczak wrote in 1966. He resigned the post when Richard M. Nixon took office but later was appointed by Nixon to the chairmanship of the National Center for Voluntary Action. When he was 13 he took a watch apart and put it together again so that it would work. Throughout his schooldays he worked on the farm after school hours and during vacations. Despite the near-mortal financial hemorrhage of the first six months, the companys fortunes recovered so readily that there was actually a profit--only $2,000, to be sure, but a considerable improvement on the $100-million loss that had been projected--in 1946. of that country, which was to prove of such importance in later years. Henry Ford died at his residence, Fair Lane Estate in Dearborn, at 11:40pm on Monday, April 7, 1947, following a cerebral hemorrhage. . Meanwhile the General Motors Company, Mr. Ford's closest business rival, aided by the Reconstruction Then, by purchasing Miles died in a crash while testing Fords J-Car later that year. produce the new model Mr. Ford had to make over almost his entire system of production, retooling his plants and retraining his workers, a feat of industrial renovation which many experts had contended By 1926 the cost of the Model T had been cut to $310, although it was vastly superior to the 1908 model. At its convention in September, 1944, the American Legion awarded John Stephen Bugas (April 26, 1908 December 2, 1982), known as Jack Bugas, was the second in command at Ford Motor Company during the presidency and chairmanship reign of Henry Ford II (the oldest grandson of founder Henry Ford). apostle of an economic philosophy of high wages and short hours that had immense repercussions on American thinking. His son, Edsel died in 1943 from gastric cancer. When Henry Ford introduced the mass-produced and gas-powered Model T in 1908, it symbolized a death blow to the electric car. put up the $100,000,000 it cost. In the mid-1950s, the company decided to bring out a car for the medium-priced market, and Henry, seeking to honor the memory of a loved father, called it the Edsel. There were setbacks, however, and one of them bore an unfortunate name. at the great River Rouge plant in Dearborn, Mich., which instead was limited to the manufacture of parts. however, he reverted to his high-wage policy and in 1935 established a minimum of $6 a day. Yet in the same year, another new Ford-built product called the Falcon--the first compact offered by any of the Big Three car makers--set a first-year record of 417,107 sales. He had been able to spend some time each week at the . the voters in the primaries on both the Democratic and Republican tickets, he received the Democratic nomination, but was defeated in the election by Truman H. Newberry, Republican, whose majority Miles won the 24 Hours of Daytona and the 12 Hours of Sebring in 1966, and placed second at Le Mans. Death came to the famed industrialist at his estate in Fairlane, in suburban Dearborn, not far from where he was born in 1863. He had retired a little more than a year and a half ago from active direction of the great. McGuffey, author of the celebrated reader, was born; the court house in which Abraham Lincoln first practiced law, and the home of Stephen Foster's parents, as well as momentos of his own youth. would prove impossible. father had given him; operating a sawmill and repairing farm machinery for his neighbors. Meanwhile, he had become chief engineer of the electric company at $125 a month, but his superiors had no more use for his gas engine experiments than had his father. After the glory years in which he created the Model T and the production line that enabled him to manufacture it at a price within the means of average Americans--years in which he had astounded and infuriated competitors by paying his workers twice as much as anyone else in the field--the elder Henry Ford had turned destroyer. by scientific study. By that time the public had become interested in the speed possibilities I thought it had to be a joke, he said. With this material he began the new era of mass production. Its operations were soon threatened, however, by a suit for patent infringement brought against it by the Licensed Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. It was, in many respects, his life theme. Every part of the automobile had its own conveyor line, carefully integrated to bring the various parts to completion in the proper ratio. These policies were made feasible by the revolutionary organization of production devised by Mr. Ford. The next year he sold 10,600 cars of this model. The 1921 business depression brought the Ford Motor Company its most severe financial crisis, and served to demonstrate both Mr. Ford's antipathy to bankers, and his resourcefulness. The Menlo Park Laboratory, in which Mr. Edison perfected the electric After founding the Ford Motor Company, the American industrialist Henry Ford developed a system of mass production based on the assembly line and the conveyor belt which produced low-priced cars . As others have noted, if Henry Ford I had died at 49 (in 1912), his son would have been too young to take over the company. Young Henry wouldnt stand for it, and he had the government on his side. Court, which, in effect, upheld the finding by refusing to review it. and Edsel Ford personally and the Ford Motor Company had made loans of about $12,000,000 in cash and securities to try to stave off the closing. "We learn more from our failures than from our successes," was his comment. As the depression waned, popularity with the voters. Henry Ford II retires as CEO. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. up to that time. 2 spot in the industry. Philip Caldwell, pictured at an Ohio plant in 1982, followed in the footsteps of more famous executives at Ford. But when he returned to Detroit, it was to take a job as a grease monkey at the River Rouge plant--and to make society page headlines with his marriage to Anne McDonnell. He and Christina were married the following year, and he became the darling of the gossip columns, a two-fisted Scotch drinker who on at least one occasion led an entire Dixieland band into the swimming pool during a party at a private club. Late that same year Mr. Ford met his greatest industrial crisis. By the mid-1950s Henry II had restored the company to financial health, and subsequently he greatly expanded Fords operations in overseas markets. Per his will, Fords money and assets were to be left to DuRoss Ford, his three children from his first marriage (Edsel, Ann, and Charlotte), and his grandchildren. The "999," with the celebrated Barney Oldfield at its wheel, won every race in which it was entered. Who was second in command to Henry Ford II? Cliccando su Accetta tutto accetti che Yahoo e i suoi partner possano trattare i tuoi dati personali e utilizzare tecnologie come i cookie per mostrarti annunci e contenuti personalizzati, per la misurazione degli annunci e dei contenuti, per l'analisi del pubblico e per lo sviluppo dei prodotti. Young Ford persuaded Ernest R. Breech, president of Bendix Aviation, to join the company. The Mustang was largely the creation of Lee A. Iacocca, a previously obscure Ford vice president not yet 40 years old. The company made and sold a few cars on his original model, but after two years Mr. Ford broke with his associates over a fundamental An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. superintendent of the company, but only on condition that he give up gasoline and devote himself entirely to electricity. after having been one of the company's top executives for many years. When did Henry Ford make the first Dodge? group of companions. Returning to his father's farm to live, he spent his spare time for several years endeavoring to evolve a practical farm tractor of relatively small size and cost. His wife, Kathleen DuRoss Ford; daughters, Charlotte Ford Downe and Anne Ford Scarborough, and son, Ford Motors executive Edsel Bryant Ford II, moved into the hospital to be with him, but doctors said he never fully regained consciousness. In a characteristic interview in September, 1944, he made known his adherence to his old doctrine of high wages for his employes. collective bargaining spokesman for the employes. highest executive down to the ordinary laborer," including a new minimum wage scale of $4 a day, $1 less than that which he had put into effect eighteen years before. Ford engineering laboratory, where he maintained a private office and workshop, but was rarely seen about the administration building, where affairs of the big company were directed. had been considered for years as its greatest production expert, announced his retirement from the company. Mr. Ford was born on July 30, 1863, on a farm near Dearborn, nine miles west of Detroit. Mr. Ford chartered an ocean liner, the Oskar II, with the avowed purpose of "getting the boys out of the trenches by Christmas," and sailed from New York on Dec. 4, 1915, with a curiously assorted Henry I retired to Fair Lane, his estate in Dearborn, where he died on April 7, 1947 at age 83. Mr. Ford had no money, but he persuaded a group of men to organize the Detroit Automobile Company to manufacture his car. Henry Ford - peak net worth: $200 billion (144bn) It's no surprise then that, upon his death in 1947, Ford was worth the equivalent of $200 billion (144bn) in today's money, and then some. Mr. Ford had long regarded Soviet Russia as a potential market of great importance. charged that a Jewish conspiracy was seeking to win control of American agriculture. Today the Fords collectively own less than 2% of the automaker, but as in 1956, when the company went public they remain firmly in control with 40% of the voting power through a special class of stock. Edsel Ford died in 1943, and Henry Ford returned to the presidency of Ford Motor Company briefly before handing it over to his grandson, Henry Ford II, in 1945. With characteristic vigor, Mr. Ford, long looked upon as perhaps the strongest foe of unionism, did Asked by Iacocca for an explanation, Henry reportedly replied, I just dont like you.. Mr. Ford silently handed him his hat. When did Henry Ford die? Breech had the management experience and expertise to implement Fords desire for a decentralized organization with a strong vertical executive structure and to aid him in establishing not only responsible department heads but a competent accounting system as well. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. material. In 1946, Henry Ford was lauded at the Automotive Golden Jubilee for his contributions to the automotive industry. of death would not be known until Henry Ford 2d, his grandson, could reach the family home, perhaps within an hour. When did Henry Ford resign from the presidency? !. But it was a hollow title. During the calm and increasingly prosperous years of the middle Nineteen Twenties Mr. Ford's business continued to grow, but more and more of his energies were devoted to his outside interests. He brought in a group of talented systems analysts from the U.S. Air Force who became known as the Whiz Kids, among them Robert S. McNamara, later to become Fords president. Founder Henry Ford, then 80 years old, had resumed the company presidency on Edsels death, but the move was more of form than of substance, for he had never really relinquished control. When the United States declared war on Germany in April, 1917, Mr. Ford placed the industrial facilities of his plants at the disposal of the Government, although he had previously refused orders from to be produced in small quantities at large profits per unit. During its entire 40-year history, there had never been an audit. The Ford company fought the issue through the courts to the United States Supreme On April 1, consequently, he had more than $87,000,000 in cash, or $27,000,000 more than he needed to wipe out all the indebtedness. To Samuel Ford died in 1842, but his grown sons carried on the family work, and along with George Ford had become well established by 1847. - He was the trend-setter whose Thunderbird, Falcon and Mustang were hailed. ATTENTION LE MANS FANS! was reduced from 7,567 to 4,000 in a Senate recount. - He was the liberal who spoke in behalf of social causes, led the revitalization of downtown Detroit and supported Democrats for President. It was to diversify the foundations holdings that Ford stock was finally sold publicly for the first time in 1956, and the grandson of the founder presided firmly and patiently thereafter over public stockholders meetings, explaining company policies and defending company decisions as the voice of a family that still had an easy working control of the firm. When the stock market collapse of October, 1929, precipitated the great depression, Mr. Ford was one of the business and industrial leaders who were summoned to the White House by President Hoover. Quickly see who the memorial is for and when they lived and died and where they are buried. The phenomenal success of the new system of production made Mr. Ford not only fabulously rich, but internationally famous, within a comparatively few years. In addition there were hangars with another 1,200,000 feet of floor space, and an adjacent air field larger than La Guardia In 1964, the company brought out the sporty Mustang, its first car aimed specifically at the youth market and sold 417,811 of them the first year. Henry Ford's Legacy. He had the courage of his convictions, and he quit his job at the age of The car came out in 1957 with first-year sales expected to hit the 200,000 range. He was 83 years old. In 1890 he got a job as engineer and machinist with the Detroit Edison Company at $45 a month, and moved to Detroit. Puoi cambiare le tue preferenze in qualunque momento nella sezione Le tue impostazioni per la privacy. tools and performing many different operations in the process. "horseless carriage" of which he and other automobile inventors had dreamed. Born: July 30, 1863. He had just been promoted from the grease pit to the dynamometer room at the factory when he enlisted in the Navy. On June 16, 1903, Henry and 12 others invested $28,000 to create Ford Motor Company. Three years later, new Ford, Lincoln and Mercury models brought the company its best year since 1929, with more than a million cars sold and a profit of $177 million. Mr. Ford was reported to have been in excellent health when he returned only a week ago from his annual winter visit to the Ford estate in Georgia. When Henry Ford II died, he left behind an estate worth $350 million. In April, 1941, the UAW called a strike in the Ford plants and the NLRB held an election under the Wagner Act to determine the How did henry ford die? Mr. Ford fought back with the argument that his policy of high wages and short hours was satisfactory to the bulk of the workers in his plants. Nearing the age of 40 he was looked upon as a failure by his acquaintances--as a day-dreaming mechanic who preferred to tinker with odd machines than to work steadily at a responsible job. added to his reknown. Mr. Ford was an ardent collector of Americana. promise of officials there to treat with the union, a step the Ford company had never taken before. His first act was to fire Harry Bennett. In the winter of 1915-16 he was convinced by a group of pacifists, of whom Rozika Schwimmer was the best known, that the warring nations in Europe were ready for peace and that 1940 United States Federal Census. development of his farm tractor, the Fordson, and to the publication of his weekly journal, The Dearborn Independent. He was the severe criticism on the ground that it was not producing at the rate that had been anticipated, but this was eventually stilled when the gigantic factory began turning out bombers at the rate of The companys executive suite remained a problem, however. His activities as publisher of The Dearborn Independent involved him in another highly publicized libel suit. When the votes were counted in June, 1941, the UAW was found to have won about 70 per cent of them. higher wages to his employes. 1,000,000 Fords; by 1925 he was producing them at the rate of almost 2,000,000 a year. They offered to make him general Henry Ford Heritage Association's The Ford Story starts with A Young Henry Ford - Henry Ford, son of William and Mary Litogot Ford, was born July 30, 1863. He often exacted a special rate of amounts on deposit in banks throughout the United States and in other countries. 3,200 feet long and 1,280 feet wide, with 2,547,000 feet of floor space. Henry Ford II Dies; Led Auto Firm 35 Years By TED THACKREY Jr Sept. 30, 1987 12 AM PT Times Staff Writer Auto magnate Henry Ford II, who for 35 years ran the automobile company founded by his. Still, fun-loving Christina complained of his working habits. According to his biography published on the Ford website, he died with his wife, Clara Ford, and members of their household staff at his side. After lengthy hearings the National Labor Relations Board found the Ford Motor Company guilty of unfair labor practices. Henry Ford II died on September 29, 1987 at the age of 70. Henry Ford, (born July 30, 1863, Wayne county, Michigan, U.S.died April 7, 1947, Dearborn, Michigan), American industrialist who revolutionized factory production with his assembly-line methods. The Ford company asked for and obtained the release of Henry Ford 2d, son of Edsel Ford, from the Navy, in which he had served for two and a half years and had risen to the rank of lieutenant, on the If the men in our plants will give a full day's work for a full day's pay, there is no reason why we can't always do it. 15. Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 - April 7, 1947) was an American industrialist, business magnate, founder of the Ford Motor Company, and chief developer of the assembly line technique of mass production. one an hour, twenty-four hours a day. light, was completely restored in the museum. That individual is none other than automotive pioneer Henry Ford. He was senile, the company was on the brink of financial collapse and no one could have blamed the young man--who had only two years of junior executive experience behind him--for deciding the situation was hopeless. Photos. Henry Ford had laid the foundation of the . He was an inheritor and he was a tycoon--representative of a family dynasty and living symbol of the modern industrial age. shop. Corrections? When Henry Ford II died, he left behind an estate worth $350 million. Henry Ford II William Clay Ford Sr.Benson Ford Clara Ford and Mrs. Edsel Ford had forced the decision, and within minutes after Henry Ford II was in office he got rid of Bennett. Investment bankers were convinced that he would have to go to them "hat in hand," and an officer of one large New York bank journeyed to Detroit to offer Mr. Ford a large loan on the condition that a representative of the bankers be appointed The offer was accepted, and talks resumed on Nov. 20--just one day before employees at General Motors walked off the job. A group of former Air Force officers called the Whiz Kids were brought in to apply military management techniques. Dati relativi al dispositivo e alla connessione a Internet, come l'indirizzo IP, Attivit di navigazione e di ricerca durante l'utilizzo dei siti web e delle app di Yahoo. Henry Ford resigned as president of Ford Motor Company in 1918, amid a clash with the other stockholders over global expansion. How much the Ford interests lost because of the closing was never publicly revealed, but Edsel Ford subsequently helped to organize and capitalize a new national bank, the Manufacturers National Bank In September, 1945, when he resigned the presidency for a second time, Henry Ford recommended that his grandson, Henry Ford II, be elected to the position. F; L; . As the founder and unchallenged master of an industrial empire with assets of more than a billion dollars, he was one of the richest men in the world. Henry Ford was the founder of modern American industrial mass production methods, built on the assembly line and the belt conveyor system, which no less an authority than Marshal Josef Stalin testified Alf M. Landon, stating that the election would In fact, he became a competitor of the banks, frequently loaning several millions on call in the New York money market. HIS FAMILY Henry found love in a woman named Clara James Bryant, the daughter of Martha and Melvin Bryant. Never complain, he said. The crisis over, Mr. Ford severed all connections with the banks, except as a depositor. He had to do this work he had yielded to his son twenty-four years previously. Cattle, cleared fields planted with crops . DETROIT, April 7--Henry Ford, noted automotive pioneer, died at 11:40 tonight at the age of 83. Without the five-day week, he said, the country would not be able to absorb the results of mass production and remain prosperous. Somebody named Ford, ready to deal amicably with someone from the unions? In later years Mr. Ford found it wasteful to assemble the cars Previous Next. - He was the dutiful scion who abandoned personal interests and ambitions to work 14-hour days in a threatening and unfamiliar milieu, mending the family fortunes. His own very positive and often unusual opinions How to Market Your Business with Webinars? Ford died of pneumonia in Detroit at Henry Ford Hospital on September 29, 1987, at age 70. He wrecked any attempt to modernize the industrial giant he had built and relied more and more on the advice and support of a Rasputin-like hoodlum named Harry Bennett, who presided over a secret police force set up to spy on the business and personal activities of everyone in the company from top executives to assembly line workers. a dramatic gesture would be enough to end the war. . for the production of 6,000 Rolls- Royce engines for Great Britain, and 3,000 of the same type for the United States. The elder Henry Ford finally agreed, and on Sept. 21, 1945, his grandson became president and chief executive officer. But the years of effort had taken a toll. However, there was more to this excursion than the road-trip itself. He retires as Chairman in 1980. Mother of automobile industrialist Henry Ford I, born Mary Litogot, she was a foster daughter of Patrick Ahern & Margaret Stevens(on) who became an acknowledged child at age 3. Young Ford, however, invited Reuther and the other union officials to a get-acquainted meeting at which he and his new assistant, industrial relations expert John S. Bugas, suggested a resumption of collective bargaining. Not long after that Mr. Ford's personal secretary, Ernest G. Liebold, was dismissed, The workers never had to stoop or move to get anything, and the speed at which they worked was controlled by the speed of the conveyor rather than the desires of the workmen. But that heyday was long past when young Henry took over in 1945. The company ran through six presidents between 1960 and 1980, and one of those who went--after just 19 months on the job--was Semon E. (Bunkie) Knudsen. The weekly published a series of articles, which were widely criticized as anti-Semitic. (later Bishop) Fulton J. Sheen. . (Neither man suffered greatly. Is that such a bad thing? his purpose. Yet within a dozen years he was internationally famous, and his Model T automobile was effecting changes in the American way of life of profound importance. The group called the "Vagabonds" started one of the first road-trips in history that started in 1916. In the beginning, he owned 25.5% of the stock, but as of 1919, he and his immediate family became the sole owners of the company. Donald Peterson replaces Caldwell as President and CEO in 1980. It was, in many respects, his life theme. Henry Ford II was born in Detroit, Michigan on September 4, 1917, the grandson of the automobile pioneer Henry Ford. Leaves Ford Motor Company on Oct 15, 1978. Mr. Ford had many other distinctions. Henry Ford II took over as President and at all levels of decision making. assistance in the development of the automobile industry in the Soviet Union, Mr. Ford sold $30,000,000 worth of products to Russia, and, incidentally, gave added impetus to the industrialization His grandfather, the first Henry Ford, was already an industrial icon when Henry II was born. When, after all, was she supposed to entertain? At his bedside were Clara Ford and members of their household staff. He reversed its fortunes in the first year of his stewardship while continuing to rule Ford like the family fiefdom it was. Labor relations, however, were only one of the problems facing Ford and his company. Reuthers United Automobile Workers union was ready to strike, demanding a 30% wage increase as the price of its assistance in making the transition from wartime to peacetime production. During the war he produced large quantities of automobiles, trucks, ambulances, Liberty airplane motors, munitions, whippet tanks and Eagle submarine chasers. Thereby he was able to decrease the company revealed that it had no plans for the post-war utilization of the gigantic factory, and that it planned to turn it back to the Defense Plant Corporation, the Government agency which had ground that he was needed in the executive end of the business. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Ford-II, How Stuff Works - Automobiles - How Ford Works. Four years later, Henrys marriage to Anne ended in divorce. blind persons and other handicapped individuals in his plants, and took a keen interest in the rehabilitation of wounded war veterans. In 1903, he established the Ford Motor Company, and five years later the company rolled out the first Model T. Did Henry Ford have business partners? In 1924 the Ford company had manufactured about two-thirds of all the automobiles produced in this country, but by 1926 the Chevrolet pair of tweezers, fashioned respectively from a knitting needle and an old watch spring. The surname, apparently Aherne in Ireland, began to vary on documents to Aharn, Ahern, O'Hern, O'Herin, O'Hara and other variants, perhaps. The engineer from the job, Charles Steinmetz, sent this: "Making chalk mark on generator, $1. The slag from the furnace is used in a cement plant and all the steel scrap He After a private funeral service at Christ Church Grosse Pointe, his remains were cremated and the ashes scattered. In 1919 Mr. Ford sued The Chicago Tribune for $1,000,000 on the ground of libel, because of an editorial which was headed "Ford Is an Anarchist," and which accused him of having been pro- German In 1928 he established, and endowed with $5,000,000 a museum at Dearborn to commemorate the inventions of his old friend, Thomas A. Edison. His career was one of the most astonishing in industrial history. When the collapse came the Ford Motor Company had about $32,500,000 on deposit in various banks of the Guardian Detroit Union group, The United Automobile Workers, a CIO union, began a vigorous drive to organize the workers in the Ford plants. Per his will, Ford's money and assets were to be left to DuRoss Ford, his three children from his first marriage (Edsel, Ann, and Charlotte), and his grandchildren. Iacocca told Automotive News in July 1978 that he was canned because Henry Ford II didnt want strong guys around. Ford dismissed Iacocca to prevent him from becoming the companys CEO, Ford later said in an interview before his death in 1987. . Mr. Ford settled the suit without disclosing the terms of settlement and discontinued the As the pressure for re-armament became greater, Mr. Ford was compelled by public produced. . Henry Ford Biography. Auto magnate Henry Ford II, who for 35 years ran the automobile company founded by his grandfather, managing it from the brink of disaster to the top rank of industrial power, died Tuesday in a Detroit hospital. Other car makers had decided to stonewall the unions, allowing their plants to be shut down in a test of strength they thought they could win. Family members later confirmed that Eleanor Clay Ford--with the backing of Clara Bryant Ford--threatened to sell her sizable block of shares in the company, exposing it to possible hostile takeover, if Henry II were not made president and placed in full control. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Philip Caldwell Every man should make enough money He loaded up Ford dealers throughout the country with all the cars they could possibly handle and compelled them to pay cash, thereby adding nearly $25,000,000 to the funds in hand. Mr. Ford also built Greenfield Village, a reproduction of the community in which Mrs. Ford, who was Clara Bryant before their marriage in 1887, was born. By agreeing to aid in the construction of an automobile factory at Nizhni-Novgorod, and by providing technological . Aaron Sapiro, a Chicago lawyer, brought suit for $1,000,000 on the ground that his reputation as an organizer of farmers' cooperative marketing organizations had been damaged by articles which Convinced that the steam engine was unsuited to light vehicles, he turned to the internal combustion engine, which he had read about in English scientific periodicals, as a means of locomotion for the Henry Ford died on April 7, 1947 at the age of 83. His mother died when he was 12 years of age. Model T Ford spent most of his life making headlines, good, bad, but never indifferent. In March, 1944, Charles E. Sorenson, who The automobile industry leader dropped completely out of the management of the far-flung Ford Company when he resigned as president late in 1945. Henry Ford was an entrepreneur who founded the Ford Motor Company. to own a home, a piece of land and a car.". Henry Ford II took over as President and at all levels of decision making. is converted by a combination of electric furnaces and a large rolling mill. While working as an engineer for the Edison Illuminating Company in Detroit, Henry Ford (1863-1947) built his first gasoline-powered horseless carriage, the Quadricycle, in the shed behind his home. He had stepped down as chief executive of Ford Motor Co. in 1979--the year his brother Benson died--but delayed his departure from the chairmanship until March 13, 1980, the day the company was acquitted of criminal charges of reckless homicide in connection with the fiery deaths of three young women in a Pinto. question of policy. He went to school until he was as a shrewd, kindly sage. Despite Mr. Roosevelt's triumphant re-election with the strong support of the Committee for Industrial Organization, then headed by John L. Lewis, Mr. Ford remained outspokenly antagonistic to unions. He lived to see the Ford Motor Company, which he founded with an initial investment of $28,000 put up by a few friends and neighbors who had faith in him, produce more than 29,000,000 automobiles before He received the last rites of the Roman Catholic Church on Sept. 18. But these were all relatively minor compared with the revolutionary importance of his contribution to modern productive processes. From the beginning Mr. Ford held Ford had been suffering paralytic strokes. When he took office, the company was losing about $10 million a month, and that pace slackened only a little during the first half of 1946. Ford's first car was a simple frame with a gas-powered engine and four bicycle wheels mounted on it. At Yale University, where he was enrolled in 1936, he devoted more attention to such extracurricular activities as Zeta Psi fraternity, the Book and Snake Club and management of the Yale crew than to studies. He seldom came home from the office before 7:30 p.m., she said, and liked to nap on weekends. He charged that a group of international financiers had gained control of the unions and were utilizing their He succeeded in building a steam Struck a cruel blow shortly before his eightieth birthday by the death of his only son, Edsel Ford, on May 26, 1943, Mr. Ford unfalteringly returned to the presidency of the Ford Motor Company, which Mr. Ford substituted an arrangement under which each worker performed a single specialized operation, which was simplified to the utmost All One of the cars introduced during Henry IIs tenure, the Edsel, was a legendary failure, but two others, the Mustang and the Thunderbird, were immensely popular and are widely considered to be classics. 1908, he began the production of Model T, which sold for $850. But he resigned in 1977, leaving no family member on the board, and issued a statement criticizing the organization for trying to do too many things in too many areas.. The brothers died unexpectedly in 1920. . The mission was ridiculed and failed to achieve anything. He concentrated on a single type of chassis, the celebrated Model T, and specified that "any customer can have a car painted any color he wants, so long as it is black." Finance Corporation, opened another new bank, the National Bank of Detroit. He is generally credited with reviving the firm. were the indispensable foundation for an Allied military victory in the Second World War. A moving conveyor belt carried the steel from which the leaf was made along the line, at waist-high Medication and an exercise program helped restore his health. In seven years he built and sold On Oct. 1, Mr. Ford closed his plants late in 1926 while he experimented with a six-cylinder model. He is generally credited with reviving the firm. Although never confirmed officially, reports Instead, he set himself and those around him to modernize the company almost overnight. Henry Ford died at the age of 83 on April 7, 1947; Clara Ford died three years later, on September 29, 1950, at the age of 84. There were many reports that the elder Ford had given up his leadership of the Ford interests at the insistence of other members of his family, particularly the widow of his only son, the late Edsel B. Ford. The editor wrote articles expounding Mr. Ford's economic and social ideas after consulting with him. foreign countries. In a 1916 lawsuit filed by the Dodges, Henry Ford admitted that the Dodges made the entire Ford . He signed a contract with the union which gave them virtually everything for which they had asked, including a union shop and a dues check-off system. The board of directors followed his recommendation. He turned his grandfathers faltering automobile company into the second largest industrial corporation in the world. From the beginning of his industrial career, Mr. Ford had in mind the mass production of a car which he could produce and sell at large quantity and low cost, but he was balked for several years by the lack of a steel sufficiently light and strong for In 1936 he supported Gov. He. Far more to the point, he also had his mother and grandmother. . Review. of subjects outside his own field. Henry Ford, who had been in charge, and who had been allowing the ex-bodyguard Harry Bennett to take a major role in running the company, finally stepped down. These were shipped to assembly plants scattered throughout the United States and in many But the years of his childhood coincided almost precisely with those of the companys decline. He leaves a widow, the former Clara Bryant, whom he married in 1887, and two grandsons, Henry 2d and Benson. level. His second was to get in touch with labor leader Walter Reuther, who later confessed that the contact was something of a surprise. He made fewer and fewer public appearances, attended fewer parties and stopped making speeches. opinion to agree to build planes for the United States. And that was all, except for the 1980 divorce from Christina and marriage the same year to Kathleen DuRoss. By the spring of 1945, when the War Department announced that the production of Liberator bombers would be discontinued, Willow Run had produced more than 8,000 of them. So Henry II was discharged on Aug. 1, 1943, and the following year became executive vice president of the company--second only to his grandfather. The resulting publicity helped Mr. Ford to organize the Ford Motor Company, which was capitalized at $100,000, although actually only $28,000 in stock was subscribed. Henry II began college as an engineering student (a courtesy nod in the direction of his expected future role with Ford Motor Co.) but quickly switched to sociology and left without graduating in 1940 when a receipt carelessly left attached to his senior thesis when he turned it in betrayed the fact that it had been ghostwritten for him. When did Henry Ford II die? For memorials with more than one photo, additional photos will appear here . He already had envisioned the mass production of cars which could be sold in large quantities at small profits, while his backers were convinced that the automobile was a luxury, . . 1920 The Dodge brothers made millions from the sale of Ford stock and dividends, as well as from sales of their own vehicles. I had joined the Navy because I wanted to sail on the ocean, he said. On Tuesday, Iacocca issued a statement saying, Henry Ford and I were friends and colleagues for a lot longer than we were adversaries, and my sympathy goes to his family and friends). Her death was announced in an e-mail message to Ford Motor Company employees by the company chairman, Bill Ford Jr., a nephew. In 1940 Ford left Yale University without graduating to join the firm founded by his grandfather, Henry Ford, and at the time run by his father, Edsel Ford. Clicca su Gestisci impostazioni per maggiori informazioni e per gestire le tue scelte. When Mr. Ford resumed the active management of the company, after the unexpected death of his son, Edsel, he began a series of changes in its high officials. 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