Warnings and Risk Communication. Comment: Fulcrum. The court ruled that the measure's ballot language was misleading and the measure was kept off the ballot. The NPR proposed to require that testing occur on a hard, level, flat test surface, which the NPR defined as sufficiently hard to not bend or break under the weight of the CSU and testing loads, smooth and even, and with no more than 0.5 degrees of variation. Autopsies from CSU tip-over fatalities to children reported crushing injuries to the skull and regions of the eye and nose. Start Printed Page 72657. This site uses cookies and other tracking technologies to assist with navigation, providing feedback, analyzing your use of our products and services, assisting with our promotional and marketing efforts, and provide content from third parties. UMTRI researchers found that the vertical forces associated with children hanging by the hands were close to the body weight of the child. Staff assessed the pull strength of children to determine an appropriate pull force requirement for the interlock test (and the comparison moment for pulling open a CSU), and found that the mean pulling strength of 2- to 5-year-old children on a convex knob (diameter 40 mm) at their elbow height is 59.65 Newton (13.4 pound-force) for males and 76.43 Newton (17.2 pound-force) for hold the upper bar and try to jump from the floor to a position where the arms are straight and the hips are in front of the upper bar, an action similar to hoisting oneself out of a swimming pool; The hang tag also includes a titleStability Ratingto make clear what information is provided on the tag. For all of the interactions, the maximum moment exceeded the weight of the child. Vertical forces have very little ability to produce a tip-over moment when extendable element extensions from the fulcrum are sufficiently short. (2021). Performance criteria. In addition, staff found that many specific CSU models involved in injuries and fatalities during tip-over incidents would meet the current ASTM standard, thus demonstrating that the current standard is not adequate to address the hazard. 38. Commenters expressed concern that displaying a scale that goes higher than 2 would confuse consumers looking for higher rated CSUs and would suggest that a rating of 2 is not sufficiently stable. In line with their statutory objectives and to support the safe and responsible adoption of AI technologies in UK financial services, the supervisory authorities may need to intervene further to manage and mitigate the potential risks and harms related to AI applications. Fatal and nonfatal climbing incidents most often involved children 3 years old and younger. The justices wrote, "The transfer of this case should not be construed as an adjudication or comment on the merits of the petition nor that the petition has been properly denominated as a petition for writ of quo warranto. Additionally, the burden for third-party testing is estimated for a subset of CSUs that are children's products. For online sales, the hang tag information must be provided on manufacturer websites from which consumers may purchase a CSU. Although staff achieved a clothing density as high as 10.16 pounds per cubic foot with folded clothing, consumers may be unlikely to fill a drawer to this level because it requires careful folding, and it is difficult to remove and replace individual pieces of clothing. 2.5 Effective regulation relies on consent, trust, and confidence from the public, including consumers and regulated firms, and ensures that powers are used consistently, transparently, and proportionately. [101] The mean pulling strength of 2- to 5-year-old females is 76.43 Newton (17.2 pound-force), and 59.65 Newton (13.4 pound-force) for males. A block positioned too far toward the front of the CSU will increase the angle; a block positioned too far toward the rear of the CSU will decrease the angle. Some participants in the in-home interviews and focus groups used nightstands for clothing storage, including for shirts; socks; pajamas; slippers; underwear; smaller/lighter items, such as tights or nightwear; seasonal items; and accessories. Response: Based on this equation, the tip-over moment of a CSU with doors must meet the following criterion: CPSC staff identified at least 60 deaths related to CSU tip-over incidents without televisions and involving children, for an average of 4 deaths per year. Staff then tested the unit using the same methods and CSU configurations ( It is the mission of the Brunswick-Glynn Joint Water and Sewer Commission to safeguard the public health and safety by providing sufficient drinking water and environmentally responsible wastewater treatment in a financially sound manner while meeting or exceeding all regulatory requirements and supporting planned growth in the community. to produce the updated designs of one thousand CSU models. Florida gives its citizens a rare and innovative opportunity to play an active role in Democracy. The heights for the bars were within plausible heights for CSU drawers. Related Pages. Ballotpedia lists the positions of and excerpts from editorials supporting or opposing ballot measures from the editorial boards of certain media outlets. [72] Also, how can any such impacts be mitigated by either firms and/or the supervisory authorities? UMTRI researchers reported that the average CM offset was 6.1 inches (0.51 feet) during ascent at the time the maximum moment was measured. These improved probability of default estimates could, in turn, lead to more appropriate modelling of regulatory capital. Of the adult and senior fatalities, 31 (89 percent) involved a chest, bureau, or dresser; 2 involved a wardrobe; 1 involved an armoire; and 1 involved a portable storage closet. (5) The Commission considered providing a longer effective date. Comment: Therefore, the ICM also estimates the number of injuries treated outside of hospital EDs. 2/3 EN 14749: 2016 is a European Standard that was prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 207 Furniture. This standard was approved by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) on November 21, 2015, and supersedes EN 14749:2005, which was approved on July 8, 2005, as the original version. (u) Regulation within this area is broader, with principles such as BCBS 239 highlighting the governance structures and/or board responsibilities, and the UK GDPR setting out the accountability of controllers and processors for compliance with data protection requirements. 77. Because CPSC estimates the annual effect of this rule to be $100,000,000 or more, OIRA determined that this is a major rule. For example, enabling consumers to solve complex problems to optimise which financial product offers them best value or supporting consumers in making better financial decisions as well as providing access to financial markets with robo advisor tools, AI systems can remove some of the informational advantage which sellers have over buyers in markets with complex financial products. To address this confusion, the final rule specifies that the distance measurements to the fulcrum are to be taken before the force is applied in Test Method 1 and Test Method 2. But risks to competition may also arise where AI is used to implement or facilitate further harmful strategic behaviour such as collusion, or creating or exacerbating market features that hinder competition, such as barriers to entry or to leverage a dominant position. Commenters suggested using a definition like that in voluntary standards, such as an event at which a furniture unit pivots forward to the point at which the unit continues to fall or the condition where the unrestricted unit will not return to its normal upright position.. To examine this factor, staff assessed 15 child incidents in which the height of the force application could be calculated based on descriptions of the incidents. Through testing and analysis, staff recreated the incident scenarios described in the investigations and determined the weight that caused the unit to tip over in a variety of use scenarios, such as a child climbing or pulling on the dresser, multiple open drawers, filled and unfilled drawers, and the flooring under the CSU. The maximum amount of unfolded clothing that could be put into the tested drawers was only slightly higher than 8.5 pounds per cubic foot. Equation 1 can be multiplied by a child's weight to estimate the moment Participants included parents of children 12 to 72 months old, people without young children in the home who were planning to have children in the next 5 years, and people without young children in the home who are visited regularly by children 12 to 72 months old. The proposed rule defined fulcrum as the point or line at the base of the CSU about which the CSU pivots when a tip-over force is applied (typically the front feet). The fulcrum position is used in four measurements within the stability requirements. The survey identified that financial services firms were increasingly using AI and needed effective and evolving risk management controls if they were to use it safely and harness the benefits. These types of injuries are typical of crush injuries caused by blunt head trauma and often have a fatal outcome. The hang tag includes statements, such as no unit is completely safe from tip over and always secure the unit to the wall to warn consumers of the risk of tip overs and steps they can take to reduce those risks. This fast inflation is followed by a quick decrease in value of the assets, or a contraction. This is because children 3 years old and younger are most commonly involved in these incidents. Retailers can increase the retail price of units to reflect any increase in their wholesale costs and to maintain their profit margin. Therefore, although this alternative may improve the stability of CSUs to some extent, continuing to wait for ASTM would delay the benefits of the rule, and staff does not consider the current draft revisions adequate to address the hazard, even if they were adopted. In addition, although ISO 7171 (2019) includes a stability test with filled drawers, the multiple open drawer test does not include filled drawers, and the simultaneous conditions of multiple open and filled drawers during a child interaction are not tested. Thus, the total hourly burden of the recordkeeping associated with certification is 63 hours (3 21). As described in section XI. Comments also suggested that the force in Test Method 1 should be applied with weights. Q18: Are there approaches to AI regulation elsewhere or elements of approaches elsewhere that you think would be worth replicating in the UK to support the supervisory authorities objectives? In addition, three types of third-party testing of children's products are required: certification testing, material change testing, and periodic testing. in the demand for CSUs, without allowing large quantities of CSUs that do not meet the standard to be stockpiled, the final rule retains the stockpiling provisions proposed in the NPR. 14. As discussed in the NPR, CPSC identified a fatal tip-over incident involving a unit with doors only (no drawers or other extension elements). Commenters noted that, for incidents in which the type/weight of the unit is known, there are no known incidents involving such lightweight units and that lighter weight units would not be able to meet the stability requirements in the rule, thereby removing such products from the market. The test weight is applied to the top face of a drawer, with the drawer opened to two-thirds of its full extension length. The development of emergency management chapter standards follows the four phases of EM: CMS Emergency Preparedness Rule (SOM Appendix Z), Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR). Leveraging on these data to generate user-centric insights, firms can provide innovative and tailored solutions to end users. These annual reports are available at: [ In addition to accreditation, certification, and verification, we provide tools and resources for health care professionals that can help make a difference in the delivery of care. Refer to Figure 48 in the UMTRI report (Tab R of the NPR briefing package). The final rule also addresses which Test Method to use. 40. In describing CSUs, participants mentioned freestanding products; products that hold clothing; features to organize or protect clothing ( On August 29, 2018, the Florida Supreme Court transferred the case down to a lower court, the Leon County Circuit Court. Data set provided to CPSC staff by Kids in Danger, January 29, 2021. Staff estimates the total cost of implementing interlock mechanisms, including labor, per CSU is $2.93 for CSUs that require a single interlock and up to $14.64 for CSUs that require more complex CSU mechanisms with significant redesign costs. The estimate of CSUs in use was constructed iteratively, to reflect that CSUs in use may remain in use for varied periods beyond the 15-year period. (a) Several commenters expressed support for the anti-stockpiling provisions in the NPR, noting that industry members had sufficient notice of the rule given the duration of the rulemaking and that stockpiling limits are necessary to prevent industry members from increasing production of noncompliant CSUs. Additionally, firms that formerly produced CSUs domestically have shifted production to foreign plants. Product instability incidents are a broader category that includes tip-over incidents, but may also include incidents where CSUs did not fully tip over. which covers all types of domestic and non-domestic storage furniture including domestic kitchen furniture.. Of the 366 nonfatal CPSRMS tip overs involving children and only CSUs, drawer fill level was reported for 78 incidents. This amendment was introduced as Senate Joint Resolution 204 by Senator Jeff Brandes (R) on December 7, 2020. 2/3 4.25 pounds per cubic foot) if pull-out shelves can hold less clothing fill than a drawer while remaining operable and containing the clothing when the shelf moves. has a flat bottom surface) and provides, as examples, open shelf space that is not behind a door, display space behind a non-opaque door, and framed open clothing hanging space. Given these expected efficacy rates in reducing the number of fatal and nonfatal incidents, when all CSUs in use comply with the performance standards, the annual societal benefits from the final rule would be $307.17 million. The PRA successfully introduced a cognitive search tool with AI capabilities that helps supervisors gain more insights from firm management information by extracting key patterns from unstructured and complex datasets. As Table 1 and the NPR indicate, lighter weight units have been involved in nonfatal incidents. 1.2 The AIPPF published its final report in February 2022. As such, they would require less cost for labor and materials, and more CSUs would comply with the standard without modifications. Only components that are retained in the case when extended up to https://www.cpsc.gov/Newsroom/Public-Calendar/2022-04-06-100000/Public-Hearing-Safety-Standard-for-Clothing-Storage-Units. (b) 2.22 Financial services firms are increasingly using AI across a range of business areas and the Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated the pace of adoption (see Annex 5 for a list of relevant publications). i.e., and vertical forces FV. Start Printed Page 72656 Attend our next public meeting on December 7 and fill out our online survey by December 31. However, staff has further assessed this possibility and found that pull-out shelves can hold the same volume of This testing also found that 91 percent of CSUs (56 of 61) did not comply with the labeling requirements in ASTM F2057-14, and 43 percent (26 of 61) did not comply with the tip restraint requirements. Therefore, to accommodate the requested change to a test block, the position of the block must be specified. Examples include using Natural Language Processing to generate insights from unstructured text documentation; predictive analytics to forecast where risks may lie across our supervisory waterfront; and simulation techniques to generate realistic synthetic data sets. 4.1 This chapter discusses some of the current legal requirements and guidance that are considered by the supervisory authorities to be most relevant to mitigating the risks associated with AI. or, in the absence of an outstop, to two-thirds of the operational sliding length. A first step towards this ambition is clarifying how existing legal requirements and guidance apply to the use of AI. Latest update:Press release business and consumer survey results (incl. The increase in volume of data and data formats within the context of AI places added emphasis on data quality. e.g., 4.16 The Consumer Duty does not prevent firms from adopting business models with different pricing by groups (for instance risk-based pricing), but firms would need to ensure the price charged is reasonable, relative to the expected benefits (ie that products and services provide fair value to retail customers), including being able to justify the price offered to different groups of customers and considering those with characteristics of vulnerability or protected characteristics under the Equality Act. The NPR explained that the lowest-weight non-modified[90] On September 7, 2018, Leon County Circuit Court Judge Karen Gievers ruled that Amendments 7, 9, and 11 must be removed from the ballot. 15 U.S.C. However, pulling on an extendable element or door to open it applies an increased force that contributes to instability. (2) Place the unit on a hard, level, and flat test surface in the orientation most likely to cause tip over. /Momentthreshold The privacy of this data and use of this data in a responsible manner is also important. The CG of a CSU will also change depending on the position and amount of clothing in each drawer or pull-out shelf. Learn about research projects and results, joint research initiatives and EU action to promote innovation. (c) tipping over. The final rule does not exclude wardrobes from the definition of a CSU because wardrobes have been involved in tip-over incidents and it is reasonable to address children putting their body weight on doors and drawers of such units, based on physical and cognitive abilities and demonstrated interactions in incidents. Comment: This accomplishes the same purpose as the NPR provision, but should eliminate confusion on how to comply, and make clear that testers need not measure the CM of the door. Federal Register 4.51 PRA-authorised SM&CR banking and insurance firms and FCA-authorised enhanced scope SM&CR firms must ensure that one or more of their SMF managers have overall responsibility for each of the activities, business areas, and management functions of the firm. However, staff does not have details on all incident-involved units. 13. In incidents where all of the drawers were open, the CSUs ranged from 2-drawer to 8-drawer units. The fill weight of 8.5 pounds per cubic foot times the functional volume (cubic feet) is the minimum permitted in open drawers and pull-out shelves, and the maximum permitted in closed elements. Small businesses that import products will incur additional difficulties due to existing supply chain disruptions, as well as normal lead times required for some of these products.. i.e., However, there are steps consumers can take to further reduce the risk of CSU tip overs, and these steps are presented on the required warning labels. 4.5 At the same time, previous work by the supervisory authorities (including the AIPPF and 2022 ML survey) have found that one of the challenges to the adoption of AI in UK financial services is the lack of clarity surrounding the current rules, regulations, and principles, in particular, how these apply to AI and what that means for firms at a practical level. the effect of carpet, multiple open and filled drawers, and dynamic forces generated by common interactions). margin-top: 10px !important; climb down from the test fixture. www.regulations.gov. The Commission believes that adherence to the requirements of the rule will significantly reduce clothing storage unit tip-over deaths and injuries in the future; thus, the rule is in the public interest. In the NPR, interlock was defined as a device that restricts simultaneous opening of drawers. Human Factors Analysis of Clothing Storage Unit Tipover Incidents and Hazard Communication. This is because Test Method 2 is no longer an alternative to Test Method 1; the purpose is to allow for needed repairs to complete testing, regardless of which test; and although breakage is less likely during Test Method 2, it is possible. The PRA is also developing other AI tools for its staff to assist in their work. Moment, or torque, is an engineering term to describe rotational force acting about a pivot point, or fulcrum. It notes that firms and regulators should, in judging proportionality, consider the activity that is being undertaken, the complexity of the activity, risk profiles, the degree of autonomy of the AI applications, and the potential impact that the technology has on client outcomes and market integrity. However, participants also noted that they may use smaller, shorter products, with smaller storage components as CSUs in children's rooms so that children can access the drawers, and because children's clothes are smaller. Examples of CSUs include chests, bureaus, dressers, chests of drawers, drawer chests, door chests, chifforobes, armoires, and wardrobes. Most notably, UK data protection legislation applies standards for data privacy and security in respect of personal data. All doors, drawers, and pull-out shelves that are not locked by an interlock that withstood interlock testing (see below) are then open to the least stable configuration and fill weights are placed in drawers and pull-out shelves, depending on the proportion of drawers and pull-out shelves that are open. In general insurance, AI could be used for automating claims management. (a)No person holding any office of emolument under any foreign government, or civil office of emolument under the United States or any other state, shall hold any office of honor or of emolument under the government of this state. L. 110-314, section 3, 122 Stat. Staff's testing experience indicates that most CSUs require more than 80 pounds on the drawer front to meet the minimum performance requirement but that some CSU drawer designs cannot hold much more than 60 pounds without requiring additional reinforcement. Cost to the Federal Government. Consumer Product Safety Commission instead of U.S. However, in response to comments and other considerations, the final rule provides a 180-day effective date. See also the FCAs article titled Explaining why the computer says no for a discussion of the black box problem in relation to consumer protection and potential approaches to AI explainability for financial consumers. The purpose of the testing was to assess the weight at which a CSU became unstable and tipped over with various configurations of drawers open/closed and filled/empty. A major manufacturer and retailer commented that the identification label should not be limited to a label because other means of applying the information to the product ( Depending on when certain measurements to the fulcrum are made, a forward-shifted fulcrum could either result in a smaller threshold moment (making the test easier to pass) or in a reduced moment arm for the tip-over moment (making the test more difficult to pass). Another alternative is to adopt a mandatory standard with the same requirements as the rule, but addressing 60-pound children, rather than 51.2-pound children. use for clothing storage, sufficient closed storage). Therefore, the total cost of materials to industry would be about $2.06 million per year ($0.10 20.64 million units). I am an active customer and have questions about my bill. Each document posted on the site includes a link to the Of these, 7 reported that one drawer was open; 2 reported that half or less of the drawers were open; 4 reported that multiple drawers were open; and 2 reported that all the drawers were open. In the 2 cases where all drawers were open, the children were 3 and 4 years old. documents in the last year, 16 Furthermore, [t]his accountability extends to the actions and outcomes of AI and ML models, including externally sourced models. In addition, CPSC's Office of Compliance and Field Operations has investigated and recalled CSUs. definition of a CSU, noting that consumers use light weight units as CSUs and such units can be loaded to weigh as much as CSUs involved in fatal tip-over incidents when filled with 8.5 pounds per cubic foot of storage volume ( . CPSRMS is the epidemiological database that houses all anecdotal reports of incidents received by CPSC, external cause-based death certificates purchased by CPSC, all in-depth investigations (IDI) of these anecdotal reports, as well as investigations of select NEISS injuries. This section provides an overview of that testing and analysis; for additional details see the NPR and NPR briefing package. those above. campaign. They are specified prior to training iterations unlike parameter values calculated as part of model fitting. i.e., (2) Test Method 2 shall be used for any unit for which Test Method 1 does not apply. Location. 43. In addition, using a test block would be easier than tilting the unit forward 1.5 degrees because it is easier for a test lab to create test blocks of a specific thickness than to create multiple blocks for individual units that will raise them 1.5 degrees, or to create a test platform that angles exactly 1.5 degrees. For these tests, staff used an assortment of boys' clothing in sizes 4, 5, and 6. CPSC staff was not able to This information is not part of the official Federal Register document. Learn more about the communities and organizations we serve. clothing as drawers and remain fully functional and sufficiently contain the clothing content when moving the shelf. Relevant to the portions of stability testing that involve opening drawers, the standard also accounts for interlock systems, requiring one extension element to be open to its outstop, or in the absence of an outstop, two-thirds of its operational sliding length, and a 100 N (22 pounds) horizontal force to be applied to the face of all other extension elements. This section describes key comments CPSC received on the substantive requirements in the NPR and responds to them. Under the NAICS classification system, importers are classified as either wholesalers or retailers. In general, unless Congress disapproves a rule, a major rule must take effect no earlier than 60 days after the rule is published in the Of the 16 Senate Democrats, 12 voted against, three voted in favor, and one did not vote, but voted against the measure after the official vote was tallied. The CRC refers constitutional amendments directly to the ballot for a public vote, which makes the commission unique amongst the states. Fulcrum X 54. corresponding official PDF file on govinfo.gov. Joint Committee on Government means the point or line at the base of the clothing storage unit about which the clothing storage unit pivots when a tip-over force is applied (typically the front feet). National Center for Health Statistics. Interlock Therefore, the equation for ascend is expected to cover those behaviors as well. (b)Each state and county officer, before entering upon the duties of the office, shall give bond as required by law, and shall swear or affirm: I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support, protect, and defend the Constitution and Government of the United States and of the State of Florida; that I am duly qualified to hold office under the Constitution of the state; and that I will well and faithfully perform the duties of (title of office) on which I am now about to enter. Therefore, a forward tilt of 1.5 degrees replicates the effect of carpet on CSU stability, and this was included in the CSU configuration requirements for the stability testing in the NPR. Q9: Are there any regulatory barriers to the safe and responsible adoption of AI in UK financial services that the supervisory authorities should be aware of, particularly in relation to rules and guidance for which the supervisory authorities have primary responsibility? Since the NPR, ANSI updated this standard; the revised version is ANSI/BIFMA X6.5-2022. 2052), the following definitions apply for purposes of this part: (a) Another alternative would be to wait for ASTM to finalize a new version of ASTM F2057. The CSU's weight at a distance A2 from the CSU's front edge touching the ground creates a stabilizing moment. As such, the final rule provides the flexibility to secure fill weights from sliding, when necessary. The cost of extending the feet or the front edge of the CSU forward can be very low. This DP should also be considered within the context of the evolving wider national and international policy debate on AI, including the UK governments policy paper Establishing a pro-innovation approach to regulating AI, joint working between UK regulators through the Digital Regulation Cooperation Forum (DRCF), and international developments from other regulators and authorities, such as the proposed AI regulation for the EU. Because CSUs are reasonably likely to be used to store clothing, and incident data indicates that CSUs involved in tip-over incidents commonly include drawers filled with clothing, the rule requires 8.5 pounds per cubic foot as fill weight when more than half of the drawers by volume are open. This alternative would be less burdensome than the rule because many clothing storage units already meet such a requirement, and it would likely cost less to modify noncompliant units to meet this less stringent standard. Industry would incur the cost of redesigning CSUs during the first year of implementation of the rule as a one-time cost. This debate is happening across different sectors of the economy, and both here in the UK and other jurisdictions around the world. Comment: Then place fill weights according to the following criteria: (i) If 50 percent or more of the extendable elements by functional volume are open, place a fill weight in the center of the bottom surface of each extendable element, including those that remain closed, that consists of a uniformly distributed mass in pounds. 2058(a), (c), (d)(2). Data-related legal requirements and guidance are targeted at data quality, data privacy, data infrastructure, and data governance. The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. AI may benefit consumers in important ways from improved outcomes through more effective matching to products and services, to an enhanced ability to identify and support consumers with characteristics of vulnerability, as well as increasing financial access. If the CSU tips over in this configuration, or is supported by any component that was not specifically designed for that purpose, it does not meet the requirement. CPSC staff also developed an estimate of the number of models sold each year. Comment: In addition to accreditation, certification, and verification, we provide tools and resources for health care professionals that can help make a difference in the delivery of care. Horizontal forces applied to pull on a door or extendable element also tend to tip the CSU forward around the front leg (pivot point or fulcrum) at the base of the unit, while the weight of the CSU opposes this rotation. 4.20 The supervisory authorities are subject to a public sector equality duty under the Equality Act, which requires them to have due regard, in the exercise of their functions, to the need to eliminate discrimination and other conduct prohibited under the Equality Act, and advance equality of opportunity and foster good relations between persons who share a relevant protected characteristic and others. Kids in Danger and Shane's Foundation found a similar density (average of 8.9 pounds per cubic foot) when they filled CSU drawers with boys' t-shirts in a 2016 study on Finally, neither test accounts for the effect of carpeting, which is common flooring in homes (particularly in bedrooms), is commonly present in tip-over incidents, and decreases CSU stability. CPSC agrees that features that extend from the case of a CSU contribute to instability differently depending on their retention within the case. Florida does not allow same-day voter registration. As discussed earlier, staff testing showed that CSUs with a variety of designs and stability levels were more stable on a hard flooring surface than they were on carpeting. Children of all ages were able to open at least one drawer and incident data indicates that children commonly were able to open multiple drawers. making the midpoint $3. climbing into the drawer or climbing onto the tabletop) generated lower moments than ascent. The current regulatory framework aims to address these specific risk components of the data lifecycle. The final rule addresses the variability of Test Method 1 with a recommendation to require the test to be conducted with weights, as described above. Although staff's testing focused on CSUs with drawers, rather than pull-out shelves, the same effects on stability would apply to pull-out shelves because both drawers and pull-out shelves are extendable elements that hold contents. Functional volume of open storage means the interior bottom surface area multiplied by the effective open storage height, which is distance from the bottom surface of the open storage to the top of the open storage compartment minus They are addressed to representatives of the industry (manufacturing), services, retail trade and construction sectors, as well as to consumers. How to regulate AI to ensure it delivers in the best interests of consumers, firms, and markets is the subject of a wide-ranging debate, both here in the UK and in other jurisdictions around the world. For the stability testing, all doors, drawers, and pull-out shelves that are not locked by an interlock meeting the requirements of the interlock test are open to the maximum extension (as defined in the standard), in the configuration most likely to cause a tip over (typically the largest drawers in the highest position open). 101. The interlock will be disabled or bypassed for the stability testing in 1261.4(c) if, as a result of the testing specified in paragraph (b) of this section: (1) Any interlocked extendable element or door extends during the test without retracting the originally open extendable element or door; or. means space within the frame of the furniture, but without a bottom surface. Amendment or revision election. ASTM F2057-19 requires CSUs to include a tip restraint that complies with ASTM F3096-14, As part of the study, researchers asked focus group participants to fill out a worksheet with pictures of unnamed furniture items with dimensions. This suggestion is consistent with a change ASTM is considering for its standard on CSUs. Some of the incident recreations indicated that the force on the edge of an open drawer associated with tipping the CSU was greater than the static weight of the child standing on the edge of an open drawer of the CSU. In total, incremental costs for the five representative models are between $10.21 and $17.64. Test Method 2 must be used for any CSU for which Test Method 1 does not apply. Response: Fulcrum X According to data from the U.S. Census Bureau, in 2019, there were a total of 3,303 firms classified in these four furniture categories. It is broadly seen as part of a spectrum of computational and mathematical methodologies that include innovative data analytics and data modelling techniques. This alternative may reduce costs associated with the rule because the provisions in the draft version of the ASTM standard are generally less stringent than those in this rule. In 2018, Consumer Reports conducted a nationally representative survey[80] National Center for Health Statistics. When filled extendable elements are closed, the clothing weight contributes to the stability of the CSU, because the clothing weight is behind the front legs (fulcrum). Estimated burden. The PRA and the FCA have competition-related statutory objectives and are required to have regard to the principle of proportionality when exercising their general functions (including when making rules). electronic version on GPOs govinfo.gov. The OECD, for example, has developed a baseline framework to advance a shared understanding of AI, including metrics for risks associated with the use of AI. However, to make this clear, the final rule includes the term mark, in addition to label, as mark more clearly conveys the availability of direct application to the surface of the product for meeting the requirement. The rule defines the base period as the calendar month with the median manufacturing or import volume within the last 13 months immediately preceding the month of promulgation of the final rule. Start Printed Page 72635 European Commission, internet LabellingNested Display Arrows For Labels, available at: The July 2022 policy paper highlighted several key challenges that cut across the regulatory landscape, including a lack of clarity, overlaps, inconsistencies, and gaps in the current approach. Staff made other clarifying changes on scope and test methods that should make it more clear how companies of all sizes must comply with the rule, but that should not impact either costs or benefits. from 39 agencies. Under the assumption that, on average, 10,000 CSUs are produced of every CSU model, CPSC staff estimates that there will be a total of 6,334 existing CSU models that need to be redesigned in the first year of the rule. 2/3 These included comments to exclude wardrobes from the rule because they are covered by an ANSI standard, to exclude file cabinets, and to exclude nightstands. As such, these requirements apply to manufacturers and importers. Although the minimally acceptable rating is just above 1, for simplicity, the hang tag marks the minimally acceptable rating as 1. The Commission is now issuing a final rule, establishing requirements regarding CSU stability.[5]. Start Printed Page 72639 Suggestions included at points of sale, including in showrooms and on sales websites; in instructions; on packages; on receipts; via emails provided by sellers upon purchase; and as permanent labels on CSUs so the information is visible to second-hand users. Technical Analysis Supporting the Rule). Amelia Hairston-Porter, Trial Attorney, Division of Enforcement and Litigation, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814; telephone (301) 504-7663; email: The BCBS, however, expects its members and their internationally active banks to implement standards in a full, timely and consistent manner. 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